Basic Concepts

Probability is a field of mathematics that deals with chance.

An experiment is an activity in which the results cannot be
predicted with certainty. Each repetition of an experiment is called a
trial.
An outcome is a result of an experiment. An event is any collection
of outcomes, and a simple event is an event with only one possible
outcome.
The sample space for a given experiment is a set S that contains all
possible outcomes of the experiment.
Probability of an Event

=number of outcomes of the event

=number of all possible outcomes
Example:
A coin is tossed, find:
a) The sample space
b) The probability of getting a head.
Example:
What would be the probability of;
a) Picking a black card at random from a standard deck of 52 cards?
b) Picking a face card (king, queen or jack?
c) Not picking a face card?
Example

In your wallet you have the following paper money: 7

singles, 3 fives, 2 tens and 6 twenties. What is the
probability, as a percent, you will draw a 5 and then a
20?
Example
You have the following coins in your pocket: 5 quarters, 6
dimes, 2 nickels and 12 pennies.
What is the probability, as a decimal, you will draw a dime
and then a penny?