Principles of Motor Control & Learning of Exercise

and
Application of Motor Control & Learning of Exercise

Physical Stress Theory

Posture and Balance
 Recap
• Principles in Training
FITT
A. Progressive Overload
B. Variety
C. Specificity
D. Reversibility
E. Rest
 Recap
Types of Training
1. Continuous
2. Plyometric
3. Calisthenics
4. Interval
5. Circuit
6. Resistance
Physical Stress Theory
• “That changes in the relative level of physical stress cause a predictable
adaptive response in all biological tissues”
• When stresses are placed on a particular structure due to movement or
posture for example, our bodies tissues must adapt to these stresses
• Stress can be defined by Magnitude x Time x Direction, and it is a
combination of these 3 factors that will determine our bodies response
• Identify patterns that lead to excessive stresses and teach the
patient/athlete proper movement strategies to prevent further tissue
injuries
Physical Stress Theory
• To decrease pain and perceived level of disability, and then focus on increasing
activity tolerance in the new pain-free movement pattern
• During any initial evaluation, think about
a) What factors are causing excessive stress (environmental, behavioral, etc.)
and
b) How can these factors be modified?
• Movement is a significant source of physical stress
• Depending on how we move can have either detrimental or beneficial effects
on tissue injury
• 4 Fundamental tissues that undergo stress regularly are Epithelial, Connective,
Muscular, and Nervous tissue.
Physical Stress Theory
• 5 Qualities of physical stress include: Decreased stress tolerance,
Maintenance (homeostasis), Increased stress tolerance (tissue
overload), Injury, and Death
• Stress will have different effects on tissues whether it is tensile,
compressive, shearing, or torsional stress
• Regardless which type of stress is present, inflammation will occur
immediately following tissue injury
• Postural deviations are one of the most common causes of
musculoskeletal pain.
Physical Stress Theory
• Tissues atrophy at a much faster rate than they hypertrophy.
a. Atrophy- gradually decline in effectiveness or vigor due to underuse or
neglect
b. Hypertrophy- the enlargement of an organ or tissue from the increase
in size of its cell
• Muscle force production losses can be between 6-40% in 4-6 weeks time
• Similar to muscles, nerves can become overused due to malalignment
and postural deficits
• This is commonly seen in carpal tunnel sydrome and lumbar spinal
stenosis
Physical Stress Theory
 Good Alignment + Good Movement = Good Musculoskeletal Health
Factors such as posture, age, movement patterns, psychological
factors and environmental factors all influence this equation
 It is our goal to identify these factors to allow for normal movement
Fundamental Principles of Physical Stress
Theory
Posture and Balance
• Posture is generally defined as the orientation of the body in specific
positions (Rosário, 2014).
• It can be described in stillness or during movement.
• Postural stability is the ability to control the body position in space for
the purpose of movement and balance (Woollacott and Shumway-
Cook, 2002).
• Provide a basis for optimal movement.
Reference
• https://www.thestudentphysicaltherapist.com/featured-articles/the-
physical-stress-theory
Assignment (BB)
• Individual Differences - In Learning and Performance
• Motor Learning in Dance
• Nine Lines of Movement
• Constructive Rest Position
• Posture Exercises