 Introduction

› Students
› Course
› Instructor
 Critical Thinking Basics (ch.1)
› Self-evaluation on thinking skills
› Basic terms and concepts
 Introduce yourself
› In 1 minute
› With something you want other people to remember
most about you

Other students:
- Take note about your friends
- Be ready to answer some questions later
 Thinking
 Reasoning
 Critical
 Critical thinking
 Why to learn Critical thinking?
THE FUTURE OF JOBS AND J
OBS TRAINING
Learners must cultivate
21st‑century skills,
capabilities and attributes
“…when asked, “What are the most important
skills needed to succeed in the workplace of the
“Tough-to- future?” while some respondents mentioned
teach lessons that might be taught in a large-scale setting
(such as understanding how to partner with AI
intangibles systems or how to use fast-evolving digital tools)
such as most concentrated on the need for “soft skills”
best developed organically, mentioning attributes
emotional such as adaptability, empathy, persistence,
intelligence, problem-solving, conflict resolution, collaboration
curiosity, and people skills, and critical thinking.”

creativity,
adaptability,
resilience and
critical
thinking will
be most highly https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2017/05/03/theme-2-learners-must-cultivate-21st%e2%80%91century-skills-capabilities-and-at
tributes/
valued.”
 Avoid being fooled.
 Avoid making mistakes in judgments.
 Avoid being persuaded by rhetoric!
 Helps us to make better decisions.
 Helps us to choose better solutions to problems.
 Fukuzawa Yukichi : “Thà suốt đời không tin
còn hơn là việc tin tưởng thiếu phê phán”.
it would be better not to believe at all than to do so
superficially
 K. Marx : “Hoài nghi tất cả” (Doubt
everything)
A Thai Airways plane crashes exactly
on the border of Vietnam, Laos and
Cambodia (see the map). Everyone
on the plane was a European. Where
should they bury the survivors?
 The amount of water in a
swimming pool doubles every
minute. It will take an hour to fill
the pool.
 How long will it take for it to be
half full?
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Competition_swimming_pool_block.jpg (by Rufino Uribe)
A man lives on the tenth floor of an
apartment building.
Every morning: he takes the elevator
down to the ground floor and goes to work.
Every evening: he comes home from work
and catches the elevator up to the 7th floor.
Then he gets out of the elevator and and
walks up the stairs to his apartment on the
10th floor.
But, if it is raining, or if there are other
people in the elevator, he goes directly up
to the 10th floor and gets out.
Why?
 A man and his son are driving in a
car and they have a bad accident.
The man is killed. The boy is
unconscious, but he is still alive.
 He is rushed to hospital, and will
need immediate surgery. The
doctor
Can enters
you explain this? the emergency room,
https://img.wallpapersafari.com/desktop/728/410/85/54/xSMOBG.jp

. looks at the boy, and says...

g

 "I can't operate on this boy, he

is my son."
 Clarity
 Precision
 Accuracy
 Significance
 Relevance
 Logic
 Fairness
 Breadth
 Depth

Socrates (469-399 B.C)

“Sell products where there’s less
competition!”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=fRmhB3MW6GE&list=PLpbtRdN7xWUc
PT0qWBfC52FubQxcgdgjk
 Objectives
› To provide learners with the essentials of critical
thinking.
› To guide learners through the process of argument
development.
› To get learners to practice reasoning with logical
relationships between premises and conclusions.
› To encourage learners to argue fairly and help them to
handle bias, emotion, and propaganda.
› To encourage learners to use technological tools, to
work independently and in teams when completing
their tasks.
 Expected Outcomes
› Handle a variety of arguments in variety of contexts,
evaluating their validity, strength and relevance.
› Detect errors of reasoning and explain how the
reasoning is in error.
› Develop logical structure of both inductive and
deductive forms.
› Construct good and persuasive arguments in support
of or in opposition to a proposition.
Coffee or buble tea?
› The careful application of reason in the
determination of whether a claim is true. (Moore
& Parker, 2009)

› A complex process of deliberation which involves

a wide range of skills and attitudes. (Stella
Cottrell, 2011)
 Position/Opposition  Observation
 Evidence  Reading between the lines
 Claim  Categorization
 Issue  Differentiation
 Argument  Research
 Premise  Reflection
 Conclusion  Synthesis
 Logic  Persuasion
 Fallacy  Reasoning
 Information/knowledge  Evaluation/Judgment
 Truth  Skepticism
 Fairness
 Objectivity
 Misunderstanding of what is meant by criticism
 Over-estimating your own reasoning ability
 Lack of method, strategy or practice
 Affective reasons
 Reluctance to critique/challenge experts
 Insufficient focus and attention to details
 Natural resistance to (learn) critical thinking
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=FMt_RIR_JHo
 Any statement of fact, belief, opinion, etc.
› “You need to use an umbrella today.”
› “You should become a doctor.”
› “You can only be happy if you own a fancy new car
or buy a nice pair of shoes”
 A question regarding the validity of a claim.
“Should kids get vaccination of covid-19?
 A set of statements/claims providing reasons
for believing that a claim is true.
 All arguments have 2 components:
› Premise: the reason for believing a claim is true.
› Conclusion: the answer to the issue.
› “Ho Chi Minh city is in Vietnam.”
› “Women are stronger than man.”
› “It is raining in Hanoi right now, so you should use
an umbrella today.”
› “Sam should be excused for missing class. He has to
attend the city chess competition.”
› “You will make lots of money if you buy that nail
salon down the street.”
› Come with me!