NERVOUS SYSTEM

Submitted by Submitted to
Gazala Malik Dr Priyanka kashyap
 INTRODUCTION
• The peripheral nervous system,
or
PNS, consists of the cranial nerves, spinal nerves and
ganglia.
The peripheral nervous system subdivided
into:-
Somatic nervous system Autonomic nervous system
(Voluntary) (Involuntary)

Skeletal muscles Sympathetic nervous system

Cardiac Parasympathetic nerous system
smooth muscles and glands.
 AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

The autonomic nervous system (ANS or visceral nervous system)

is the part of the peripheral nervous system that acts as a control system
functioning largely below the level of consciousness, and controls function.
• Responsible for control of "involuntary" or visceral bodily function:

➤ Cardiovascular
- Respiratory
➤ Digestive
➤ Urinary
Reproductive functions

- Key role in the bodies response to stress

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
It is classically divided into two subsystems:

• SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM:

→Allow body to function under stress:-

→Fight or flight
→Primes body for intense skeletal muscle activity

• PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

→Maintenance functions
→Rest-and-digest
→Counterbalances sympathetic function
 Sympathetic Neurons
In the Sympathetic Division (thoracolumbar division):
The cell bodies in the lateral horns of the gray matter in the 12 thoracic segments
(T1-T12)
the first two (L1-L2) lumbar segments of the spinal cord.
Therefore, the sympathetic division is called the thoracolumbar division.

→Their axons travel in the spinal nerves of these segments, known as the
thoracolumbar outflow.
 Parasympathetic Nerons
In the Parasympathetic Division (craniosacral division)

→cell bodies arise from the nuclei of cranial nerves in the brainstem III, VII, IX,
and X and in the lateral gray matter of the second through fourth sacral segments
(S2-S4) of the spinal cord, called the craniosacral division.

→ The axons of the preganglionic neurons are referred to as the craniosacral

outflow.
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VERY MUCH!