GEOGRAPHY F

Geography
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Mr. Francis
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TOPIC: N
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PLATE TECTONICS U
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SUB TOPICS: H

STRUCTURE OF THE
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EARTH
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MANTLE C
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CORE
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CORE E
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The inner part of the Earth is called the ‘Core’. This part of the earth is about 2,900 C
km below the earth’s surface. O
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The core is a dense ball of the elements iron and nickel. It is divided into two layers: R
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1. Inner-Core- the center of the earth; it is solid and about 1,250 km thick. H
2. Outer-Core- is so hot that the metal is always molten. The outer core is about 2,200 I
km thick. G
The inner core pressures are so great that it cannot melt, even though temperatures H
reach 37000 degrees celcius.
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THE E
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MANTLE
This layer above the core is the ‘Mantle’. It begins about 10km below the oceanic crust
and about 30 km below the continental crust.
The mantle is mainly composed of iron and magnesium.
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The mantle is divided into the:
Outer Mantle (Asthenosphere), which is made up of solid rock and Inner Mantle, H
made of molten rock, called ‘magma’. I
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The mantle is about 2,900 km thick and makes up nearly 80 percent of the Earth’s total
volume.
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THE CRUST E
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The crust covers the mantle and is the earth’s hard outer shell, the surface on O
which we are living. U
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The crust is much thinner than the other layers of the earth. It floats on the softer,
denser mantle. H
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The crust is divided into two types; G
Continental Crust and Oceanic Crust. H
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Continental Crust E
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Continental crust is made up of all rock types. O
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• In general it is where you find less dense minerals, mainly Silica and R
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Aluminum
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• More pores (spaces) in the rocks further decrease density
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Oceanic Crust E
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Oceanic crust made of more dense rocks. C
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• The minerals have a higher amounts of iron, silica and magnesium U
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• Smaller pores means higher density T

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https://create.kahoot.it/share/layers-of-the-ea H
rth/befc9300-952a-4f78-af55-192141220741 I
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