PROPERTY OF PROBABILITY

IN RULE OF ADDITION
If there are two events, A and B, the addition rule states that the probability of event A or B
occurring is the sum of the probability of each event minus the probability of the intersection:

P(A U B)=P(A)+P(B)−P(A ∩ B)

If the events are mutually exclusive, this formula simplifies to:

P(A or B)=P(A)+P(B)
JANNAH LAZARO
 MEMBERS
JANNAH LAZARO
DAISIREE LUCAS
MARY ANN MOLENO
MA. ELIZABETH PEROLINO
 PROPERTY OF PROBABILITY IN
RULE OF ADDITION

The rule of addition in probability helps us calculate the

chance of either one of two or more events happening. It's
a fundamental principle in probability theory, used in
everything from simple games to complex real-world
analyses. Understanding it allows us to make informed
decisions based on chance.

JANNAH LAZARO
 KEY IDEAS
Events: These are occurrences or outcomes we're interested in. For example,
event A could be rolling a 6 on a dice, and event B could be drawing a heart
from a deck of cards.

Union of Events: This refers to the combined chance of either event A or

event B (or both) happening. We denote it as A ∪ B.

Probability: This is a numerical value between 0 and 1 that represents the

likelihood of an event occurring. 0 means impossible, and 1 means certain.

MOLENO MARY ANN

 RULES
There are two main formulas for the rule of addition,
depending on whether the events are mutually
exclusive or not.

LUCAS DAISIREE
Mutually Exclusive Events
These events cannot happen at the same time. Imagine flipping a coin.
Getting heads and getting tails are mutually exclusive because you can't get
both in one flip.

Formula:
P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B)

PEROLINO, MA. ELIZABETH

 Non-Mutually Exclusive Events
These events can happen together. For example, drawing a red card and
drawing a face card from a deck are non-mutually exclusive because both
can happen in the same draw.

Formula:
P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A ∩ B)

LAZARO, JANNAH
 REMEMBER
• Choose the correct formula based on whether your events are mutually
exclusive or not.

• Probability values lie between 0 and 1.

• Venn diagrams can help visualize the relationships between events.

• The rule of addition is a powerful tool for calculating probabilities in various

scenarios.
LUCAS, DAISIREE
 SHORT QUIZ
1. What is the Rule of Addition in Probability used
for?
A) Multiplying probabilities
B) Calculating the chance of either one of two or more events happening
C) Dividing probabilities

2. How is the combined chance of either event A or

event B (or both) happening denoted?
A) A ∩ B
B) A - B
C) A ∪ B
3. If events are mutually exclusive, what does
that mean?

A) They cannot happen at the same time

B) They always happen together
C) They have the same probability

4. Give an example of mutually exclusive events.

A) Rolling an even number on a six-sided die

B) Drawing a red card and drawing a face card from a deck
C) Getting heads and getting tails when flipping a coin
5. What does a probability of 0
represent?
A) Impossible
B) Certain
C) Likely

6. In non-mutually exclusive events, can both

events happen together?

A) Yes
B) No
C) Depends on the probability
7. How is the combined chance of either event
A or event B calculated for mutually exclusive
events?

A) P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B)

B) P(A ∪ B) = P(A) * P(B)
C) P(A ∪ B) = P(A) - P(B)

8. What is the range of a probability value?

A) 0 to ∞
B) 0 to 100
C) 0 to 1
9. If drawing a red card and drawing a face card from
a deck are non-mutually exclusive events, can both
happen in the same draw?

A) Yes
B) No
C) Depends on the type of deck

10. Which formula is used for calculating the

combined chance of either event A or event B
for non-mutually exclusive events?
A) P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B)
B) P(A ∪ B) = P(A) * P(B)
C) P(A ∪ B) = P(A) - P(B)