Steel Design

CHAPTER 1 : ILLUSTRATIVE
PROBLEMS
Illustrative Problem 1-1
DETERMINE THE FF.
1. THE AREA OF THE PLANE IN SQUARE
MILLIMETERS
2. THE COORDINATE OF CENTROID
3. THE MOMENT OF INERTIA WITH
RESPECT TO X-AXIS AND Y-AXIS IN
MM⁴
Solution
1. THE AREA OF THE PLANE IN SQUARE
MILLIMETERS
A1=1/2bh=1/2(30)(90)=1350 mm² A3
A2=bh= (50)(90)=4500 mm²
A3=1/2bh= 1/2(50)(30)=750 mm²
A2
A4=1/2bh= 1/2(20)(120)=1200 mm²
X1=2/3(30)=20 X3=30+2/3(50)=63.33
y1=1/3(90)=30 y3=90+1/3(30)=100
A1
X2=30+25=55 X4=30+50+1/3(20)=86.67 A4
y2=90/2=45 y4=1/3(120)=40
AT= ∑ A = 1350+4500+750+1200 = 7800 mm²
2/3 1/3
Solution
2. THE COORDINATE OF CENTROID
AT XG= ∑ AX
7800 XG=1350(20)+4500(55)+750(63.33)+1200(86.67)
XG= 54.62 mm
AT YG= ∑ AY
7800 YG=1350(30)+4500(45)+750(100)+1200(40)
YG= 46.92 mm
Solution
3. THE MOMENT OF INERTIA WITH
RESPECT TO X-AXIS AND Y-AXIS IN MM⁴
A1: Igx=bh³/36 = 30(90)³/36=607,500 mm⁴
Igy=hb³/36 = 90(30)³/36=67,500 mm⁴
A2: Igx=bh³/12 = 90(50)³/12=3,037,500 mm⁴
Igy=hb³/12 = 50(90)³/12=937,500 mm⁴
A3: Igx=bh³/36 = 50(30)³/36=37,500 mm⁴
Igy=hb³/36 = 30(50)³/36=104,166.67 mm⁴
A4: Igx=bh³/36 = 20(120)³/36=960,000 mm⁴
Igy=hb³/36 = 120(30)³/36=26,666.67 mm⁴
Solution
3. THE MOMENT OF INERTIA WITH
RESPECT TO X-AXIS AND Y-AXIS IN MM⁴
[Ix = ∑( Igx + A Yg²)]
Ix = [607,500+1350(30)²]+[3,037,500+4500(45)²]
+ [37,500+750(100)² + [960,000+1200(40)²]
Ix= 24,390,000 mm⁴
[Iy = ∑( Igy + A Xg²)]
Iy = [607,500+1350(20)²]+[3,037,500+4500(55)²]
+ [37,500+750(63.33)² + [960,000+1200(86.67)²]
Iy= 24,723,016 mm⁴
Illustrative Problem 1-2
DETERMINE THE FF.
1. THE AREA OF THE PLANE IN SQUARE
MILLIMETERS
2. THE COORDINATE OF CENTROID
3. THE MOMENT OF INERTIA WITH
RESPECT TO X-AXIS AND Y-AXIS IN
MM⁴
Solution
2. THE COORDINATE OF CENTROID
AT XG= ∑ AX
6424 XG=4500(60)+3181(45)-1257(45)
XG= 55.51 mm
AT YG= ∑ AY
6424 YG=4500(66.67)+3181(119.1)-1257(100)
YG= 86.11 mm
Solution
3. THE MOMENT OF INERTIA WITH
RESPECT TO X-AXIS AND Y-AXIS IN MM⁴
A1: Igx=bh³/36 = 90(100)³/36=2,500,000.00 mm⁴
Igy=hb³/36 = 100(90)³/36=2,025,000.00 mm⁴

A2: Igx=0.1098R⁴ = 0.1098(45)⁴=450,249 mm⁴

Igy=1/2(πR⁴/4)=1/2(π(45)⁴/4)= 1,610,312 mm⁴

A3: Igx = Igy =πR⁴/4=π(20)⁴/4= 125,664mm⁴

Solution
3. THE MOMENT OF INERTIA WITH
RESPECT TO X-AXIS AND Y-AXIS IN MM⁴
[Ix = ∑( Igx + A Yg²)]
Ix = [2,500,000+4500(66.67)²]+[450,429+3181(119.1)²]
- [125,664+1257(100)²]
Ix= 55,378,646 mm⁴
[Iy = ∑( Igy + A Xg²)]
Iy = [2,025,000.00+4500(60)²]+[1,610,312 +3181(45)²]
- [125,664+1257(45)²]
Iy= 23605748 mm⁴
Problem 1-3

FOR THE ANGULAR SECTION SHOWN, DETERMINE THE

FOLLOWING:
a) THE LOCATION OF THE CENTROID FROM THE X AND Y-AXES.
b) THE CENTROIDAL MOMENTS OF INERTIA IGX AND IGY
c) THE MOMENTS OF INERTIA IX AND IY
d) THE PRODUCT OF INERTIA IXY AND I(XY)G
e) THE POLAR MOMENT OF INERTIA JG AND JO
f) THE MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM MOMENTS OF INERTIA ABOUT
THE AXES AND ITS ROTATION THROUGH O.
g) THE MOMENT OF INERTIA ABOUT AND AXIS THROUGH O
MAKING AN ANGLE OF 20° WITH THE HORIZONTAL.
Problem 1-3
Solution
a) THE LOCATION OF THE CENTROID FROM THE X AND Y-AXES.
Xg x1 = 5
A1 = 125(10) = 1250 mm² y1 = 62.5
A2 = 10(65) = 650 mm²x2 = 42.5 y2 = 5

Xc1 cg AT = A1 + A2 AT = 1250 + 650

x
Yg AT = 1900 mm²
Yc2
AT YG = ∑ AY 1900 YG = 1250(62.50) + 650(5)
YG = 42.828 mm

AT XG = ∑ AX 1900 XG = 1250(5) + 650(42.5)

XG = 17.829 mm
Problem 1-3
Solution
IgX = Ig + A d²
B) THE CENTROIDAL MOMENTS OF INERTIA AND

[ = ∑( Ig + A d²)x]
= + ()²) + + ()²)
= 62.5 - 42.8 = 19.7 mm
= 42.8 - 5 = 37.8 mm
= 10(125)³ + 1250 (19.7)² + 65 (10)³ + 650
(37.8)²
12
= 3,046,879.33 mm⁴ 12
Problem 1-3
Solution
IgY = Ig + A d²
B) THE CENTROIDAL MOMENTS OF INERTIA AND

[ = ∑( + A d²)y]
= + ( ²) + + ( )²)
= 17.8- 5 = 12.8 mm
= 42.5 – 17.8 = 24.7 mm
= 125(10)³ + 1250 (12.8)² + 10 (65)³ + 650
(24.7)²
12
= 840.629.33 mm⁴ 12
Problem 1-3
Solution
IX = Ig + A d²
C) THE MOMENTS OF INERTIA ABOUT THE AND

[ = ∑( + A ²)]

= 3.047 x 10⁶+ 1900 (42.8)²=6.53 x

or
= I⁶mm⁴
10 1x +I2x = 10(125)³+ 65 (10)³ =6.53 x
10 ⁶mm⁴
3 3
[ = ∑( + A²)]

= 840.63 x 10³+ 1900 (17.8)²=1.44 x

10 ⁶mm⁴
Problem 1-3
Solution
D) THE PRODUCT OF INERTIA THE AND

Since a rectangle has an axis of symmetryis zero then

=
=
=
=
=(17.8)(42.8)

¿
Problem 1-3
Solution
E) POLAR MOMENT OF INERTIA AND

=
=
=

=
=
=
Problem 1-3
Solution
Yp F) MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM MOMENT OF INERTIA

Principal
Axis =0.52875

2=

Xp
=
O 2
Problem 1-3
Solution
F) MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM MOMENT OF INERTIA

From Mohr’s Circle =

= ½() =
= ½() =
=
=
=+
=
=
= =
=
=
Problem 1-3
Solution
F) MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM MOMENT OF INERTIA

=
=
=
=
Problem 1-3
Solution
G) MOMENT OF INERTIA ABOUT AN AXIS MAKING AN ANGLE OF 20 DEGREES WITH
Yp THE HORIZONTAL
V
𝐼𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐼𝑣𝑖𝑠 𝑢𝑛𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑤𝑛,𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝜃
Principal
Axis

U
=
Xp
20 =
O θ
=
=