Paper 2

• There are 3 Depth studies ( Namibia, Russia

and Germany)

• Depth Studies will be done in a cycle of two

years
• Namibia: 2020-2021
• Russia: 2022-2023
• Germany: 2024
 Paper 2 cont…
• It carries 40 marks ( 33%)
• It is 2h15mins longer
• Paper 2 is a source- based paper
• Learners must answer one depth study
prescribed per academic year.
• The question will be based on a range of
sources and

• The primary focus is Assessment Objective B,

but aspects of Assessment objectives A1 and A2
will also be assessed
 General guidelines for paper 2 type of
questions
•What does this source tells you about….
•What is the message of this source?
•What can you learn from this source about……
•How far do these two sources agree?
•Note : these are comprehension questions
•They are usually the early questions
•They mean to be easy- they carry lower marks
 Question 1
• What can you learn from this source /what
does this source tell you about?
• Step 1:Infer from the source ( draw a meaning
from the source/identify Valid Inference).
• Step 2: support your inference with the source
• Step 3: Add your knowledge regards the topic/
or consolidate your inference with other
sources in the paper that give the same view
( Cross Reference)
 Question 1 cont…….
• The main ingredients for this question are:
• Valid inferences + Support+ Contextual
Knowledge
 Question 2
• How far do these two sources agree?

• Step 1: Make a choice, e.g the two sources

agree/disagree
• Step 2: Identify the similarities/differences
( valid inferences of Sim/Differences
• Step 3: Support the inferences with the valid
supports from both sources
 Q2 conti….
• Step 4: Identify the other side ( sim/diff)
• Support it with the relevant part of both sources
• Add your knowledge of the topic ( please take
timeframe into consideration)
• Remember the requirement of this questions is to:
• Identify valid inference(s) of Sim +Support from all
Sources AND Valid inference(s) of Diff + support from
the sources Plus Contextual Knowledge / Cross
references. In other words a balance answer of Agree
AND disagree is the requirement.
 Question 3
• What is the message of this source
• Step 1: Infer from the source( make a meaning
by interpreting the source
• Step 2:Explain the valid inference to work out
the Big message (BM) of the source, the Big
message is = valid inference explained.
• To work out the BM, you should address
words such as : so that, in order to….
 Q3 cont….
• Support your message with the details of the
source.
• Remember: face value from the cartoon can
be used as a support.
• Every details of the source will help you to
interpret the source.
2nd type of questions: Evaluation questions

• 1. How reliable is this source

• 2. How useful is this source
• 3. Is one source more reliable/useful than the
other…..
• 4. Do you trust this source?
 Useful question
• A source may be More useful or Less useful
BUT not useless
• Sources are more useful or less useful
depending on the question being asked of
them.
• A source can be More Useful about something
but less useful about something else
 A useful source helps to explain something you are investigating.
 We ask questions such as:
• E.g. Which source is more useful as evidence about….?
• What could this source be useful for? (What information does it tell
us?)
• Learners are expected to specifically say why a source is useful/or
less useful
• Remember the usefulness of the sources is not determined by
reliability or versa vice
 Useful Q cont…
• To answer this type of question:
• Step 1: make a choice e.g It is More
useful/Less useful
• Step 2: Address Useful for what by making
valid assertion
• Support your claim with the source
• Please take note:
 A source can be unreliable but can be useful. How?

 For example propaganda is not a message close to any truth, however, it

is a good evidence to show how people were persuaded to think
differently, hence its usefulness.
 To test the reliability
• Address the following:
• Date : why was it said in that particular year
• Audiences : Who where the audiences and
why did the author want them to hear that at
that time?
• Author: Why is the author saying so by that
time
 TR cont…
• To test the reliability,
• please check the provenance ( originality)
• Where is the source from
• Who the author is
• The type of source: a speech, a diary,
 TR cont….
• The following types of sources may be done for different
purposes, thus the degree of Reliability may be different:
• E.g A public speech and
• A Diary
A public speech may be less reliable than a Diary because
when making a speech, the author may select words that
may be suitable to audiences, but a diary is a private book
which may not necessarily has audiences, thus author
might not have any reason to lie in a diary, thus could be
more reliable.
 TR cont…
• A poster is designed to promote, persuade,
convince
• A cartoon can be drawn to criticize, convince
etc.
• Check whether a source was from a
newspaper, radio, TV etc as this will help you
to work out who the audiences were, thus
work out the Reliability
 TR cont…

 Does the author use language to persuade? E.g. exaggeration,

emotive language etc.
 Show a clear bias/prejudice for one way or the other, exaggerate
some elements and omits others.
Please take note:
 Whether a source is primary or secondary has nothing to do with
reliability or usefulness.
 Both primary and secondary can be useful and reliable and of little
use depending on the factors mentioned above or what is being
investigated
 Last question
• How far do these sources prove/support the
view that …….
• Step1:Candidate should treat each source
separately e g Source A, proves/support/agree
that…..
• Step2: Support the choice with the correct part
of the source.
• NB: Please avoid paraphrasing and rephrasing
of sources,
 Take Note..
 The question is about the sources, so answer must be based on the
sources.
 There will always be some sources that support and others that
disagree with the statement.
 The key is to explain each side by using specific details from the
sources and by showing why they support or disagree.
 Some sources can be used both for agree and against the statement
but not all sources
 You can go through the sources in which they appear in the paper
explaining whether each one support or disagree with the statement.
 Testing of Reliability
• To test the reliability consider the following:
• Date
• Author
• Audiences
• Please note that the following sources may have
different purpose
• Public speech:
• Diary:
• Newspaper:
• Television/radio etc
• Posters are drawn with a purpose e.g
convince, persuade, encourage, propaganda
purpose to win the hearts/minds of people,
promote e.t.c
• Cartoons may be drawn to criticize/convince
 In conclusion
• When setting a paper, have a variety of
sources: primary and secondary sources
• Cartoons/ photographs
 Primary sources

A primary source is one created during the period that the event took
place
 Secondary

A secondary source is a source that was created after the event has
taken place
 Important marking Grids indications

Choice C
No choice NC
Valid inference VI
Valid Assertion VA
Purpose P
Support Sup
Contextual Knowledge CK
Cross reference CR
Testing of Reliability TR
Paraphrasing Par
Misinterpretation Mis
 Grids cont…
Provenance Prov
Isolation Iso
Surprised S
Not surprised NS
More useful M.U
Less useful L.U
Limitation Lim
Reliable R
Not Reliable N/R
General Gen
Repetition Rep
Similarities Sim
Differences Diff