FUNDAMENTALS OF ART

Lesson #1 || Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT

Art according to PLATO
 An idealist
 It is merely an imitation or a copy of the reality.
 Is an illusion, collection of reflections.
 He stated that true forms were created by God and
they are all perfect and therefore cannot be
replicated.
 Mere limitations (what is real in our environment)

Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
Art according to Aristotle
 The Realist
 Art is still an imitation but an imitation not of the
ideal world (physical world)
 Art is a mirror of reality around us and within us.

Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
Art according to Leo Tolstoy
 Expression of feelings and sentiments or intentions of the
artist.
 It is the production of objects or elements from the external
environment that pleases the environment.
 It may lead to a better and more progressive life and society.
 The best way to interpret art is trying to understand the
original intention of the maker of the artwork itself (the
painter, writer and composer)

Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
Art according to Eugene Veron
 It is the external manifestation created and produced
through lines, movements, sounds, colors and
emotions.
 It reflects human subjectivity in the form of elements
that stimulate the senses.

Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
 NATURE OF ART
Tangible manifestation and
Provides color and
result of human activity
existence as humans
through a result of skill

Creative skill and

imagination that produces Life without art is dull
beauty and power
ART and without meaning

Stimulates our senses and

Communicating or cognitive abilities as it
conveying insights and It reflects life, culture, history of a
allows the expression of
emotions group of people even in time and space
emotions
Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
 THE VALUES OF ARTS
How can we tell if an artwork is great? Works of art have certain standards by
which all artworks can be measured for evaluation. Great works of art are
distinguished by the following qualities.

Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
 Aesthetic Value-refers to the value which causes an
object to be a “work of art”. This is a quality which appeals to
our sense of beauty.

Intellectual Value- An Artwork stimulates thought. It

enriches our mental life by making us realize fundamental
truths about ourselves, about other human beings, and
about the world around us.

Suggestiveness- This is the quality associated with the

emotional power of art. Great works of art move us deeply and
stir our feeling and imagination, giving evoking visions above
and beyond the plain ordinary of life.
Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
 Spiritual Value- Art elevates the spirit by bringing
moral values which make us better persons . The capacity
to inspire is part of the spiritual value of art.

Permanence-A great work of art endures. It can be

viewed again and again as each encounter gives fresh delight
and new insights and opens new worlds of meaning and
experience. Its appeal is lasting.

Universality - Great art is timeless and timely. It is forever

relevant and appeals to one and all, anytime, anywhere because it
deals with elemental feelings, fundamental truths and universal
conditions.
Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
 Style- This is the peculiar way in which an artist sees his
subject, forms his ideas and expresses them. Great artworks
are marked as much by their memorable substance as well as
by their style. Style should suit content.

Form- Artistic forms are skeletal structures or conceptual

frameworks designed to support or enclose parts of the works of art. It
is the organization, arrangement or framework of an artwork.
Constructing, arranging and coordinating parts of a composition for a
pleasing or effective result. In every artwork nothing is by accident.
Even the smallest detail is an artistic decision made by the artist. Every
element of an artwork contributes to the effectiveness and beauty of
the artwork.

Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
 ELEMENTS OF ARTS
• The quality of artistry is gauged through
standards.
• The elements of arts determine its basic
measure.

Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
 We cannot be able to communicate
the uniqueness of our sentiments and
emotions without fully understanding
those that comprised the elements of
arts.
Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
 FORM
• Includes shape and perceived volume.
• Three – dimensional (3D) artworks has depth, width and height.
Basis of sculpture.
• Two-dimensional (2D) artworks produce illusion through the use
of shading and modeling techniques.

Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
 LINES
• Termed as “strokes” in digital art works the distance between two
points which is used for outlines and implied lines in artwork and
designs.
• Width- thickness and Direction-length

Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
 COLOR
• Is the element that is produced when light strikes an image.
• It is derived from reflected or absorbed light and definitely
creates the mood of the artist.

Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
 PROPERTIES
• Hue or the term or title we assign to colors
such as yellow, black, blue or red.
• Intensity is the vividness of the color . It is
the saturation strength or intensity of the
image’s color
• Value means the lightness or darkness of the
color. Changes in the tint determine the value
changes in colors.

Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
 SPACE
• Is provided by the artist for specific purpose.
• This may include the foreground, middle ground, background and area
between the images of the object this may be negative or positive.
• It is positive (+)when an area is occupied by an object or image.
• It is negative (-)when it covers the space between, between and within
the image or object.

Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
 TEXTURE
• Denotes the smoothness, ruggedness of the image or object. It may be
“real” similar to that when we touch a sculpture.
• It may also be “implied” which is also artificial as when we see a
painted image or pebble.

Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
 SHAPE
• It could be geometric, natural, irregular,
rectangle, oval, octagon etc.
• It is two-dimensional where a line crosses
over that creates a shape. It produces
image in a flat area according to how
reality is represented.
• It is three-dimensional if it has height,
width and depth like objects in the real
world.

Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR
 WHY DO PEOPLE MAKE ART?
By: Craig Roland and Susan Amster

1. Seek personal enjoyment and satisfaction. 11. Tell stories.

2. Express personal thoughts and feelings. 12. Adorn themselves.
3. Communicate with others. 13. Worship
4. Create a more favorable environment. 14. Create an illusion
5. Make others see things more clearly. 15. Predict the future or
remember the past
6. Provide us with new experiences. 16. Earn a livelihood
7. Record a time, place, person, or a object. 17. Do something no one
else can
8. Commemorate important people or events. 18. Amuse themselves
9. Reinforce cultural ties and traditions. 19. Make the ordinary
extraordinary.
10.Seek to affect social change. 20. Increase our global
understanding
Prepared by: Mr. Alvin Bryan D. Jamili, LPT || Core Subject CPAR