INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS

Chapter 2
Business
ownership &
Entrepreneurship

LECTURER:
LE THI BICH NGOC
@: ngoc.ltb@due.edu.vn
0915.654.059
LEARNING OBJECTIVE

1 Identify characteristics of each type of enterprisers

2 Realize the important role of SME to the economy

3 Understanding the basic point in enterprise

establishment/ dissolution/ bankruptcy

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Classification of enterprises

2 Choose the form of business

ownership
3 SME

4 Establish enterprises

5 Dissolution/bankruptcy enterprises

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CLASSIFICATION
OF
ENTERPRISES
2.1. Classification of Enterprises

Enterprises definition
“Enterprise” means an organization that has a proper name,
assets, premises, is established or registered in accordance
with law for business purposes.
(Law of Enterprise)

Doanh nghiệp là tổ chức có tên riêng, có tài sản, có trụ sở giao dịch, được thành lập hoặc
đăng ký thành lập theo quy định của pháp luật nhằm mục đích kinh doanh.
(Khoản 10- Điều 4 - Luật Doanh nghiệp 2020 số: 59/2020/QH14 ngày 17 tháng 6 năm 2020)

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2.1. Classification of enterprise
ENTERPRISE

By responsibility
By sources of fund By scale By business fields
regime

Micro Small Medium Large Limited Unlimited

enterprises enterprises enterprises enterprise Liability Liability

Foreign
State-owned Private Agricultural Industrial Commercial Service
Invested
enterprises sector enterprises enterprises enterprises business
Enterprise
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2.1. CLASSIFICATION OF
ENTERPRISE

Classification by sources of fund

• State-owned enterprises
• Private sector
• Foreign Invested Enterprise

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2.1. CLASSIFICATION OF
ENTERPRISE
Classification by sources of fund

• State-owned enterprises: means an enterprise

more than 50% charter capital or voting shares
of which is held by the State as prescribed in
Article 88 of this Law.
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2.1. CLASSIFICATION OF
ENTERPRISE
Classification by sources of fund

• State-owned enterprises: means an enterprise

more than 50% charter capital or voting shares
of which is held by the State as prescribed in
Article 88 of this Law.
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 2.1. CLASSIFICATION OF
ENTERPRISE
State-owned enterprises:
•Decree 91 / 2015NĐ-CP stipulates that the State-owned enterprise (SOEs)
only invests state-owned property to establish SOEs in the following areas:
•Providing essential public products and services to ensure social security
•Operating in the fields of direct service to national defense and security
in accordance with the Government's regulations
•Operating in the natural monopoly sector
•Applying high technology, making large investments, creating a driving
force for rapid development of other industries, sectors and the economy.

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 2.1. Classification of Enterprise
Criteria State-owned enterprises Other types of enterprise

Establishment by the Board of Members - established by

State permit establishment on the basis of
Establishment decision of representative agency of state ownership,
business registration of business entities.
implementing decision on enterprise establishment.

In addition to profit targets, SOEs must implement other Pursue profit goals and do any businesses
Enterprise’s goals
socio-economic goals set by the state. that is not prohibited by the law.

Property is owned by the State. SOEs do not have

Capital and ownership rights to assets, and only manage the business Business entity is the owner of their
ownership over the State's assets (do not have ownership rights but business assets.
have the right to possess, dispose and use).

The State appoints the Members 'Council, the company

president and controller, and the other positions are
Organization, Human decided by the Members' Council and the company The business owner decides the
resourses president. organization and personnel of the business.
The State approves the overall strategy and planning
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 2.1. CLASSIFICATION OF
ENTERPRISE
Classification by sources of fund
• Foreign-invested business entity: means an entity whose members or
shareholders are foreign investors.
• Conditions
a) Over 50% of its charter capital or more is held by a foreign investor(s) or the
majority of the general partners are foreigners if the business entity is a
partnership;
b) Over 50% of its charter capital or more is held by a business entity(ies)
mentioned in Point a of this Clause;
c) Over 50% of its charter capital or more is held by a foreign investor(s) and a
business entity(ies) mentioned in Point a of this Clause.
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2.1. CLASSIFICATION OF
ENTERPRISE
Classification by sources of fund

• Enterprises in the private economic sector are

enterprises that are not in the category of foreign-
invested enterprises or are not state-owned enterprises.

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2.1. CLASSIFICATION OF ENTERPRISE

BY SCALE

Micro Small Medium Large

enterprises enterprise enterprise enterprise

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2.1. CLASSIFICATION OF ENTERPRISE

Is classified based on criteria's such as:

Quantitative:
Total investment capital of the enterprise.
Number of employees in the enterprise.
Turnover of the business.
Annual profit.
Qualitative:
Low proficiency level
Little number of management clues
Complexity is not high
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2.1. CLASSIFICATION OF ENTERPRISE

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2.1. CLASSIFICATION OF ENTERPRISE

By business fields
Agricultural enterprise

Industrial enterprise

Business fields

Commercial enterprise

Service enterprise

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2.1. CLASSIFICATION OF ENTERPRISE
By business fields
⦿ Agricultural enterprises: are enterprises operating in the agricultural
sector, focusing on the production of products such as plants and
animals.
⦿ Industrial enterprises: are enterprises operating in the industrial
sector
⦿ Commercial enterprises: are enterprises operating in the field of
commerce, focusing on exploiting services in the distribution of
goods.
⦿ Service enterprises: banking, finance, insurance, post and
telecommunications, transportation, tourism, hotels, healthcare, etc.
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Choose the form of

BUSINESS

OWNERSHIP
2.2. Choose the form of Business ownership
In order to choose the right form of ownership, it is necessary to answer some of the
following basic questions (Collins, 2014):
1. Do you want simple or complicated business registration procedures?
2. Do you wish to have control of all or part of your business?
3. Do you want to share profits with others?
4. Do you want to pay less taxes?
5. Do you have the competencies and skills necessary to run your business unit?
6. Do you want your business to survive without you?
7. Do you have enough financial capacity?
8. How far is your ability to pay off debt?

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2.2. Choose the form of Business ownership

Sole Proprietorships - DN tư nhân

Capital Contributing Enterprise (Company)
oPartnership - Công ty hợp danh
oLimited Liability Company (Công ty TNHH 2 thành viên
trở lên/ Công ty TNHH 1 thành viên)
oJoint stock company - Công ty Cổ phần
oCooperative - HTX
oSocial enterprise - DN xã hội

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2.2. Choose the form of Business ownership

Company

Limited Liability
Joint-stock company Partnerships
Company

Limited liability
One member limited
companies with 2 or
liability company
more members

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2.2. Choose the form of Business ownership

o Nếu có thể bạn có mong muốn khởi nghiệp, trở thành

chủ một doanh nghiệp không?
o Bạn muốn mở doanh nghiệp kinh doanh trong lĩnh vực
gì?

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2.2. Choose the form of Business ownership
Sole Proprietorship
Is a business owned by an individual and is solely responsible with
all his/her assets for all business activities.

Characteristics
•Has no juridical person.
•Must have a capital level not lower than the registered capital
•Individuals are both the owner and the user of the property,
•Operations manager: owner or hiring.

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2.2. Choose the form of Business ownership
Capital Contributing Enterprise (company)
Capital Contributing Enterprise: Is an enterprise in which the
invested capital is contributed by two or more members.

An association of two or more persons (individual or juridical

person) by a legal event in which the parties agree with each
other to use their property or ability to carry out activities to
achieve common goals.

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2.2. Choose the form of Business ownership
Capital Contributing Enterprise (company)
A company must be contributed by two or more people, who
must be independent from each other in terms of assets, to
establish a company.
Contributed assets become common property of the
company, but each member still has ownership rights to the
contributed capital share. They have the right to sell or donate
their shares.
The members share profits and both bear losses in proportion
to their contributed capital.
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2.2. Choose the form of Business ownership
Capital Contributing Enterprise (company)
A company must be contributed by two or more people, who
must be independent from each other in terms of assets, to
establish a company.
Contributed assets become common property of the company,
but each member still has ownership rights to the contributed
capital share. They have the right to sell or donate their shares.
The members share profits and both bear losses in proportion
to their contributed capital.

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2.2. Choose the form of Business ownership

Partnerships
Parnership is a legal form of business operation between two or more individuals who
share management and profits. There must be at least two members being co-owners
of the company jointly conducting business under one common name (hereinafter
referred to as unlimited liability partners); in addition to unlimited liability partners
there may be limited liability partners.

Characteristics
There must be at least two members being co-owners of the company.
Including unlimited liability partners and limited liability partners.
Have juridical persons.
Do not issue stock.
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2.2. Choose the form of Business ownership

Limited liability companies with 2 or more

members
A limited liability company is an enterprise in which: A
member shall be liable for the debts and other property
obligations of the enterprise within the amount of
capital that it has undertaken to contribute to the
enterprise.

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2.2. Choose the form of Business ownership

Limited liability companies with 2 or

more members
Characteristics
•Have juridical persons.
•From 2 to 50 members, who are responsible within the
capital contribution.
•Do not issue stock.
•The transfer of a member's contributed capital must comply
with the provisions of law.
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2.2. Choose the form of Business ownership

Limited liability companies with 2 or more

members
Capital:
•Must transfer to other members of the company.
•Other members have 30 days to purchase the transferred capital.
Organizational structure:
Members’ Council -> Chairman of Members' Council -> Director ->
Inspection Committee

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2.2. Choose the form of Business ownership

Joint-stock company
A joint-stock company is an enterprise in which: The charter capital
shall be divided into equal portions called shares. Shareholders shall
be liable for the debts and other property obligations of the
enterprise only within the amount of capital contributed to the
enterprise and shareholders may freely assign their shares to other
persons.

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2.2. Choose the form of Business ownership

Joint-stock company
Characteristics:
🙣Multiple owners (minimum of 3).
🙣Shareholders are responsible to the extent of the capital
contribution.
🙣Have juridical persons.
🙣To be entitled to issue types of stock
🙣Shareholders are entitled to transfer capital
🙣The charter capital is divided into equal parts
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 SME

DN VỪA VÀ NHỎ
2.3. DOANH NGHIỆP VỪA VÀ NHỎ (SME)
DOANH NGHIỆP VỪA & NHỎ Ở VIỆT NAM

⮚ SMEs là “xương sống” của nền kinh tế Việt Nam

⮚ Doanh nghiệp vừa và nhỏ chiếm 98 % trong tổng số 800.000 doanh

nghiệp

⮚ Đóng góp khoảng 40% GDP

⮚ Thu hút gần 60% lao động

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2.3. DOANH NGHIỆP VỪA VÀ NHỎ (SME)
KHÁI NIỆM DOANH NGHIỆP VỪA VÀ
NHỎ

Doanh nghiệp nhỏ và vừa là cơ sở sản xuất, kinh doanh độc lập,

đã đăng ký kinh doanh theo pháp luật hiện hành, có vốn đăng ký,

số lao động trung bình hàng năm theo quy định.

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 2.3. DOANH NGHIỆP VỪA VÀ NHỎ (SME)
TIÊU CHÍ XÁC ĐỊNH DOANH NGHIỆP VỪA VÀ
NHỎ

Quy mô Doanh nghiệp siêu nhỏ Doanh nghiệp nhỏ Doanh nghiệp vừa

Số lao Theo doanh thu Số lao Theo doanh thu Số lao Theo doanh thu
động hoặc nguồn vốn động hoặc nguồn vốn động hoặc nguồn vốn
Khu vực (tỷ đồng) (tỷ đồng) (tỷ đồng)

Lĩnh vực nông nghiệp, ≤ 10 DT, NV ≤ 3 ≤ 100 DT ≤ 50 tỷ ≤ 200 DT ≤ 200 tỷ

lâm nghiệp, thủy sản, NV ≤ 20 tỷ NV ≤ 100 tỷ
và Công nghiệp XD
Lĩnh vực thương mại, ≤ 10 DT ≤ 10 ≤ 50 DT ≤ 100 tỷ ≤ 100 DT ≤ 300 tỷ
dịch vụ NV ≤ 3 Luật≤ hỗ
NV trợ DN vừa và nhỏ 04/2017/QH14
50 tỷ NV ≤ 100 tỷ
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2.3. DOANH NGHIỆP VỪA VÀ NHỎ (SME)

ĐẶC ĐIỂM DOANH NGHIỆP VỪA VÀ

NHỎ

ƯU ĐIỂM:

⮚Tính năng động cao

⮚Khả năng sáng tạo dồi dào

⮚Có lợi thế cạnh tranh trong nhiều lĩnh vực

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2.3. DOANH NGHIỆP VỪA VÀ NHỎ (SME)
ĐẶC ĐIỂM DOANH NGHIỆP VỪA VÀ
NHỎ

HẠN CHẾ
⮚Thiếu nguồn lực để phát triển
⮚Không có các lợi thế kinh tế theo quy mô
⮚Chịu nhiều rủi ro trong kinh doanh
⮚Không quan tâm đầy đủ đến bảo vệ môi trường do thiếu
vốn
⮚Trình độ quản lý yếu kém
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2.3. SME
VAI TRÒ CỦA DOANH NGHIỆP VỪA & NHỎ

⮚ Góp phần gia tăng GDP.

⮚ Khai thác các nguồn vốn sẵn có trong dân.
⮚ Ổn định nền kinh tế.
⮚ Góp phần chuyển dịch cơ cấu kinh tế.
⮚ Góp phần phát triển các mối quan hệ kinh tế.
⮚ Tạo cơ sở để hình thành các doanh nghiệp lớn.
⮚ Tạo việc làm cho người lao động, góp phần giảm tỷ lệ thất nghiệp.
⮚ Nâng cao thu nhập của dân cư, góp phần xóa đói giảm nghèo.
⮚ Tạo điều kiện phát triển các tài năng kinh doanh.
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2.3. SME

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2.3. DOANH NGHIỆP VỪA VÀ NHỎ (SME)
The policies to support the SME

Human Engagement to Engagement to the

Technology the Industrial innovative
resources
Support Cluster, value entrepreneurship
support chain support support

Nghị định 80/2021/NĐ-CP 46

2.3. DOANH NGHIỆP VỪA VÀ NHỎ (SME)
CHÍNH SÁCH HỖ TRỢ DN VỪA & NHỎ

Luật 04/2017/QH/04 47
Establish

enterprises
2.4. ESTABLISH ENTERPRISE

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Dissolution/bankruptcy

ENTERPRISES
2.5. DISSOLUTION/BANKRUPTCY ENTERPRISES

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2.5. PHÁ SẢN VÀ GIẢI THỂ DOANH NGHIỆP

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BÀI TẬP NHÓM

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DANH MỤC TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO

▪ Collins, K. (2014). Exploring Business (Vol. 2).

▪ Courtland L., B., & V.Thill, J. (2013). Business in Action.

▪ Hisrich, R., Peters, M., & Shepherd, D. (2016). Entrepreneurship.

▪ R.Baringer, B., & Ireland, R. D. (2012). Entrepreneurship-Successfully launching new ventures.

▪ Tổng cục thống kê. (2011). Doanh nghiệp nhỏ và vừa giai đoạn 2006-2011. Nxb Tổng Cục Thống Kê, 3–17.

▪ Tổng cục thống kê. (2014). Sự phát triển của doanh nghiệp ngoài nhà nước giai đoạn 2006-2011.

▪ Tổng cục thống Kê. (2014). Doanh nghiệp vừa và nhỏ 2006-2011.

▪ VCCI. (2016). Báo cáo thường niên Doanh nghiệp Việt Nam 2015. NXB Thông Tin và Truyền Thông.
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004

▪ “Bắt bệnh” doanh nghiệp phá sản. http://thoibaokinhdoanh.vn/viet-nam/-bat-benhdoanh-nghiep-pha-san-1023989.html.

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 Thanks!

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