GAS TURBINE

STARTUP/ SHUTDOWN
SEQUENCE
WHAT IS SEQUENCING?
1. SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS ARE PROVIDED TO SEQUENCE THE
TURBINE, THE GENERATOR, THE STARTING DEVICE AND THE
AUXILLIARIES DURING STARTUP, RUNNING, SHUTDOWN AND
COOLDOWN.
2. MONITORS THE PROTECTIVE SYSTEM AND OTHER MAJOR
SYSTEMS SUCH AS THE FUEL, HYDRAULIC LUBE OIL SYSTEMS
AND GENERATOR LOGIC SIGNALS TO PERMIT THE GT TO
START AND STOP IN A PRESCRIBED MANNER
3. LOGIC SIGNALS INCLUDE SPEED LEVEL SIGNALS, SPEED
SET-POINT CONTROL, LOAD CAPACITY SELECTION, FUEL
SELECTION, STARTING MEANS AND THE TIMERS
NORMAL STARTING
PROCEDURES AND SEQUENCES

ASSUMPTIONS
1. INITIAL STARTUP AND CHECKOUTS AND CALIBRATIONS
DONE
2. AC AND DC POWER AVAILABLE FOR ALL PUMPS, MOTORS,
HEATERS AND CONTROL
3. ALL ANNUNCIATOR DROPS (ALARMS) ARE CLEARED
4. TURBINE COOLDOWN OR STANDBY MODE READY FOR
NORMAL OPERATION
STARTING SEQUENCES
1) SELECT “NORMAL” DISPLAY
CRT DISPLAYS :
• SHUTDOWN STATUS
• NOT READY TO START
• OFF COOLDOWN
• SELECT OFF

2) SELECT “AUTO” AND THEN EXECUTE

CRT DISPLAYS :
• STARTUP STATUS
• READY TO START
• SELECT AUTO
 SEQUENCES:
FOLLOWING PROTECTION SYSTEMS CHECKS FOR THE
“READY TO START” PERMISSIVE ARE CARRIED OUT
1. TURBINE IS AT ZERO SPEED
2. LUBE OIL TEMP IS NORMAL
3. FLAME NOT DETECTED IN ALL SCANNERS
4. “OFF” IS NOT SELECTED
5. FUEL VALVE IS CLOSED AND LOCKOUT IS RESET
6. COMPRESSOR BLEED VALVE IS OPEN
7. IGV IS CLOSED
8. OVERSPEED VOLT IS RESET
9. BEARING AND SEALING VALVE IS OPEN
10. MASTER PROTECTIVE “L4” LOGIC IS RESET
11. R, S, T MASTER PROTECTIVE AGREE
12. EOP VOLTAGE NORMAL
13. CUSTOMER PERMISSIVE TO START ARE OK
14. DIESEL ENGINE NOT IN “TEST”
15. OFF- LINE DIAGNOSTICS NOT IN PROGRESS
16. R, S, T COMMUNICATION LINKS NOT HEALTHY
17. GENERATOR BREAKER OPEN
18. GENERATOR LOCK-OUT RELAY IS RESET
19. DIESEL ENGINE WARM-UP TIMER IS RESET
20. MULTIPLE STARTS COUNTER RESET
21. FUEL SELECTION ON TOTAL LIQUID OR GAS FUEL SYSTEMS FAULTS RESET

B) ALL TRIP FUNCTIONS ARE CHECKED TO BE IN “NOT

TRIPPED” STATE AND RESET. ONLY THEN “ NOT
READY TO START” GOES OFF
3) A. SELECT “START” ON THE MASTER CONTROL
SELECTOR
CRT DISPLAYS :
• “STARTUP STATUS”
• “READY TO START”
• SELECT AUTO START”
SEQUENCES: FOLLOWING START COMMAND PERMISSIVE
ARE CHECKED BY THE PROTECTION SYSTEM
1. BASE, PEAK OR PRESELECTED LOAD IS NOT SELECTED
2. “C” COMMUNICATOR LINK IS HEALTHY AND RESET
3. AUXILLIARY SERVOS CHECKS ARE OK
4. STARTING DEVICE TRIP IS RESET
5. MULTIPLE RESTART IS RESET
6. EMERGENCY PUSH BOTTON IS RESET
7. STOP SEQUENCE IS NOT IN PROGRESS
8. GENERATOR BREAKER RE-CLOSING TIME IS RESET

9. CONTROL NOT IN OFF

3) B. UNIT AUXILLIARIES WILL BE STARTED TO

ESTABLISH LUBE OIL PRESSURE
CRT DISPLAYS :
• “SEQUENCE IN PROGRESS” (APPEARS IN ADDITION TO
OTHERS)
SEQUENCE
AOP (88HA) IS STARTED
3) C. IF STARTING CLUTCH IS NOT ENGASED, THE
RETCHETING WILL OPERATE UNTILL THE
CLUTCH ENGASES. WITH THE JAW CLUTCH
ENGASED, THE LUBE OIL PRESSURE AND ALL
PERMISSIVES (L4) SATISFIED
CRT DISPLAYS :
• “STARTUP STATUS”
• “STARTING”
• “SELECT AUTO START”
SEQUENCE
1. STARTING CLUTCH (20CS) ENERGISES
2. JAW CLUTCH 33CS
3. HYDRAULIC RATCHET PUMP (88HR) STARTS
4. AUX HYDRAULIC PUMP (88HQ) STARTS
5. “MANUALLY INITIATED STARTS” COUNTER INCREMENTED
6. TURBINE SPEE FERERENCE (TNR) IS PRESETTO START/
SHUTDOWN (60%)
7. MASTER PROTECTIVE SYSTEMS L4 ENERGISES
4) A. DIESEL ENGINE IS CRANCKED AND WHEN ITS
LUBE OIL PRESSURE IS NORMAL, THE TOTAL
STARTS COUNTER IS INCREMENTED BY ONE
CRT DISPLAYS :
• NO CHANGE
SEQUENCE
1. DIESEL ENGINE STOP VALVE (20DV) ENERGISES
2. D.E. CRANCKING (88DS) MOTOR STARTS FOR 5 SEC
3. D.E. STARTS AND D.E. NORMAL LUBE OIL PRESSURE (63QD)
PICKS UP
4. “TOTAL STARTS” COUNTER IS INCREMENTED BY ONE
4) B. THE TYPE OF FUEL USED IS ESTABLISHED i.e.
LIQUID/ GAS
 CRT DISPLAYS :
• NO CHANGE
SEQUENCE
1. LIQUID FUEL PURGE SOLENOID VALVE (20PL) IS DEENERGISED
( FOR LIQUID)
OR
2. GAS FUEL TRIP SERVO SOLENOID (20FG) IS ENERGISED AND
(20PL) IS ENERGISED
5) THE D.E. STARTS AND WILL RUN AT IDLE SPEED
(650 RPM) FOR 2 MINUTE TO WARMUP. AT THE
END OF WARMUP THE RATCHET OPERATES
CONTINOUSLY AND THE D.E. ACCELERATES
CRT DISPLAYS :
• NO CHANGE
SEQUENCE
1. D.E. REACHES ITS IDLE (MIN) SPEED OF 650 RPM (20DA-1)
2. D.E. GOES ON 2 MIN WARPUP
3. D.E. ACCELARATING SOLENOID (20DA-2) IS ENERGISED
4. RATCHET STARTS CONTINOUS OPERATION
6) THE D.E. ACCELERATES TO 1800 RPM AND THE
TURBINE BREAKS AWAY
CRT DISPLAYS :
• “STARTUP STATUS”
• “STARTING”
• “14 HR”
SEQUENCE
1. 20DA-2 IS ENERGISED
2. TURBINE BREAKS AWAY (14HR) AT 10 RPM
7) WHEN THE TURBINE REACHES 20% SPEED i.e.
1000 RPM, THE MIN SPEED SIGNAL RELAY
“14HM” IS ENERGISED AND THE TURBINE
REACHE CRANKING SPEED
CRT DISPLAYS :
• 14 HR CHANGES TO 14HM
• “CRANKING”
 SEQUENCE
1. STARTING CLUTCH SOLENOID (20CS) DE-ENERGISED
2. HYDRAULIC RATCHET PUMP 88HR IS SHUT-DOWN
3. JAW CLUTCH IS HELD ENGASED BY THE TORQUE OF D.E.
4. D.E. REACHES DIESEL CRANKING SPEED (1400 RPM)
5. D.E. ACCELERATING SOLENOID (20DA-2) IS DE-ENERGISED
6. D.E. CRANKING SPEED (14DC) DROPS OUT
7. D.E. CRANKING SPEED LOCKING SOLENOID (20DA-1)
ENERGISES AND SPEED STAYS CONSTANTS
8. MIN SPEED SIGNAL RELAY (14HM) IS ENERGISED
8) AT THE MIN FIRE SPEED THE TURBINE WILL
HOLD CRANKING SPEED UNTILL THE TURBINE
PURGE TIMER HAS COMPLETED ITS CYCLE
CRT DISPLAYS :
• NO CHANGE
SEQUENCE
1. THE TURBINE PURGE TIMER (L2TV) IS STARTING CLUTCH
SOLENOID (20CS) DE-ENERGISED
2. IGNITION RELAY (L2TVX) IS ENERGISED
3. SPARK PLUGS (95SP) ARE ENERGISED
9) AFTER THE PURGE TIMER HAS COMPLETED THE
FIRING TIMER IS INITIATED AND FSR SET TO
FIRING VALUE
CRT DISPLAYS :
• “STARTUP STATUS”
• “FIRING”
• “STARTUP CONTROL”
SEQUENCE
1. TURBINE PURGE TIMER TIMES OUT
2. 60 SEC FIRING TIMER IS STARTED
3. IN CASE OF LIQUID FUEL
- LIQUID FUEL TRIP SOLENOID (20FL) IS ENERGISED
- LIQUID FUEL PUMP CLUTCH (20CF) IS ENERGISED
- PERMISSIVE FOR FUEL BYPASS VALVE TO OPERATE AS PER
4. IN CASE OF GAS FUEL
- PERMISSIVE FOR SPEED RATIO VALVE TO OPEN IS ENABLED
- PERMISSIVE FOR GCV TO OPEN IS ENABLED
5. FSR IS RAISED TO FIRING LEVEL
10) IF FLAME IS DETECTED IN TWO OR MORE
SCANNERS & THE FLAME IS STEADY FOR TWO
SEC THEN FSR IS LOWERED TO WARMUP LEVEL
CRT DISPLAYS :
• “FLAME A#B#C#D”“
• “STARTUP STATUS”
• WARMING UP”
SEQUENCE
1. FLAME IS DETECTED IN COMBUSTION CHAMBER
2. FSR IS LOWERED TO WARMUP VALUE
3. WARMUP TIMER (L2W) STARTS TIMING 60 SEC
4. FIRING TIMER (2F) TIMES OUT
5. TURBINE COMPTMENT VENT FANS (88BT) IS STARTED
6. FIRED HOURS TIMER IS ENERGISED
7. FIRED STARTS COUNTER IS INCREMENTED BY ‘1’
11) IF THE FLAME GOES OUT OR ONLY ONE FLAME
IS ESTABLISHED DURING THE 60 SEC TIME FSR
IS SET BACK TO THE FIRING VALUE TO
ATTEMPT TO FIRE GAIN. SELECT “CRANK” AND
THEN “EXECUTE” RE-SELECTING “AUTO” WILL
CAUSE THE IGNITION SEQUENCE TO REPEAT
AFTER THE PURGE TIMER HAS TIMES OUT
CRT DISPLAYS :
• “CRANK“
• “FAILURE TO IGNITE”
SEQUENCE
• OPERATOR PRESSES “CRANK” AND THEN “EXECUTE”
• OPERATOR PRESSES “AUTO” OR “FIRE” THEN “EXECUTE”
• TURBINE PURGE TIMER IS STARTED FOR 60 SEC AIR PURGING
12) AT THE END OF THE WARMUP PERIOD AND THE
FLAME ESTABLISHED, FSR IS INCREASED AT A
PREDETERMINED RATE ON EXPONENTIAL
RAMP TO “FSR ACCELERATE” LIMIT.
CRT DISPLAYS :
• “ACCELERATING“
SEQUENCE
• WARMUP TIMER L2W TIMES OUT
• D.E. ACCELERATING SOLENOID (20DA-2) IS ENERGISED
• D.E. LOCKING SOLENOID (20DA-2) IS DE-ENERGISED
• FSR RAISED TO ACCELERATING LIMIT
13) THE TURBINE THEN ACCELERATING TO THE
ACCELRATING SPEED SET POINT i.e. 50% SPEED
(2500 RPM & SPEED LEVEL 14HA)
CRT DISPLAYS :
• “14HA“
 SEQUENCE
• TURBINE ACCELERATING TO THE ACCELERATING SPEED AND
SPEED SIGNAL RELAY 14HA IS ENERGISED.
14) THE TURBINE CONTINUES TO ACCELERATE
AND AT 60% SPEED D.E. DISENGASES AND IS
SHUTDOWN. BEFORE D.E. SHUTDOWN IT WILL
COOLDOWN AT IDLE SPEED. THE TURBINE
REACHES THE STARTUP PRESET TNR OF 60%
AND SPEED CONTROL TAKES OVER TO
CONTINUE ACCELERATION
CRT DISPLAYS :
• “STARTUP CONTROL CHANGES TO SPEED CONTROL”
SEQUENCE
• JAW CLUTCH (33CS) DISENGASES
• D.E. ACCELERATING SOLENOID (20DA-2) IS DE-ENERGISED
• D.E. COOLDOWN TIMER (L62DE) STARTS FOR 5 MIN TIME OUT
15) THE TURBINE IN THE ACCELERATING MODE IS
ACCELERATED TO ITS OPERATING SPEED OF
97% SPEED AT WHICH OPERATING SPEED
SIGNAL RELAY 14HS PICKSUP
CRT DISPLAYS :
• “SPEED CONTROL AND 14HS”
SEQUENCE
• SPEED REFERENCE TNR IS RAISED
• OPERATING SPEED RELAY 14HS IS ENERGISED
• IGV SOLENOID VALVE (20TV) ENERGISES TO OPEN
• COMPRESSOR BLEED VALVE CLOSING IS ENEBLED
16) WHEN THE TURBINE HAS REACHED ITS MIN
OPERATING, THE TURBINE EXHAUST FRAME
COOLING FAN 88TK-1/2 STARTS, AOP AND AHOP
STOPS. THE CONTROL SYSTEM GOES THROUGH
THE COMPLETE SEQUENCE CHECKS
CRT DISPLAYS :
• “RUN STATUS”
• “COMPLETE SEQUENCE”
• “FULL SPEED NO LOAD”
SEQUENCE
• 88TK-1/2 STARTS
• AUX LUBE OIL PUMP (88QA) STOPS
• AUX HYDRAULIC PUMP (88HQ) STOPS
• IF NO GAS FUEL, ATOMISING AIR BYPASS SOLENOID (20AA) IS
ENERGISED
• FOLLOWING COMPLETE SEQUENCE PERMISSIVE ARE CHECKED
- JAW CLUTCH DIS-ENGASES
- TURBINE SPEED IS AT OR ABOVE THE OPERATING SPEED
- STOP SEQUENCE IS NOT IN PROGRESS
- TURBINE HAS COMPLETED ITS ATARTUP SEQUENCE (L3)
16) GTG IS TO BE SYNCHRONISED WITH THE
SYSTEM AND LOADED ON PART LOAD OR
PRESELECTED LOAD
 CRT DISPLAYS :
• “RUN STATUS” OR
• “PRESELECTED LOAD” OR
• “PART LOAD” OR
• “SPEED CONTROL”
 NORMAL SHUTDOWN SEQUENCE

1) NORMAL SHUTDOWN IS INITIATED BY

SELECTING “STOP” ON THE MASTER CONTROL
SELECTOR. THIS WILL AUTOMATICALLY
UNLOAD THE MACHINE, REDUCE THE SPEED
AND SHUTOFF THE FUEL AND INITIATE THE
COOLDOWN SEQUENCE AS THE UNIT COMES TO
REST
CRT DISPLAYS :
• “STOP SELECTED“
• “UNLOADING”
• “SEQUENCE IN PROGRESS”
• “SHUTDOWN STATUS”
• “FIED SHUTDOWN”
2) THE TURBINE IS AUTOMATICALLY UNLOADED
TILL THE GENERATOR BREAKER TRIP ON
REVERSE POWER
CRT DISPLAYS :
• “UNLOADING” GOES OFF
• “FIRED SHUTDOWN” GOES OFF
3) THE TURBINE DECELERATED BELOW THE
OPERATING SPEED SET POINT (14HS)
CRT DISPLAYS :
• “14HA” IS DISPLAYED
SEQUENCE
• TNR REDUCES BELOW THE OPERATING SPEED LEVEL (14HS)
• 88TK-1/2 STOPD
• COMPRESSOR BLEED VALVE OPENS
• INLET GUIDE VANES CLOSES
• AOP (88HA) STARTS
4) THE TURBINE DECELERATES BELOW THE
ACCELERATING SET POINT (14HA) AND THE
SHUTDOWN TRIP COMMAND IS GIVEN
CRT DISPLAYS :
• “14HM”
• “COASTING DOWN”
• “STOP SELECT” GOES OFF
SEQUENCE
• TURBINE DECELERATES BELOW 14HA
• SHUTDOWN TRIP COMMAND L94T IS GIVEN
• MASTER PROTECTIVE LOGIC L4 TRIPS FUEL LINES
• LIQUID FUEL STOP VALVE 20FL IS DE-ENERGISED
• FUEL CLUTCH SOLENOID VALVE 20CF IS DE-ENERGISED
• LIQUID FUEL PURGE SOLENOID IS DE-ENERGISED
4) THE TURBINE FINALLY COAST DOWN TO ZERO
SPEED AND HYDRAULIC RATCHET STARTS
CRT DISPLAYS :
• “ON COOLDOWN”
• “COASTING DOWN”
SEQUENCE
• TURBINE COASTS TO STOP (14HR)
• STARTING CLUTCH SOLENOID IS ENERGISED
• JAW CLUTCH ENGASES
• HYDRAULIC RETCHET STARTS
GAS TURBINE
DATA SUMMARY
GT MODEL SERIES : MS6000
AIR IN : 45 DEG C
ALTITUDE : 36 M
FUEL : NG AND HSD
COMPRESSOR STAGES : 17
TURBINE STAGES : 3
RPM : 5100
PRIMER MOVER : DE
PROTECTION
OVERSPEED
OVER TEMPERATURE
VIBRATION
FLAME DETECTION
SECTIONS OF GAS TURBINE
• DIESEL ENGINE
• ACCESSORY GEAR BOX
• AIR INLET
• COMPRESSOR
• COMBUSTION
• TURBINE
• EXHAUST
• GENERATOR
ACCESSORY GEAR BOX

• MAIN FUEL OIL PUMP

• MAIN HYDRAULIC OIL PUMP

• MAIN ATOMISING AIR COMPRESSOR

• STARTING CLUTCH

• OVERSPEED TRIP MECHANISM

COMPRESSOR
• 17 STAGE
• AXIAL FLOW DESIGN
• FIRST TO TENTH STAGE COMPRESSION
• 11TH TO SENEVTEENTH STAGE DISCHARGE
• IGV AT INLET OF COMPRESSOR
• MAXIMUM CPD 12 BAR
• LOSS OF APD WILL TRIP THE TURBINE AT
4.83 BAR
GT SUPPORT SYSTEMS
• LUBRICATING OIL SYSTEM
• HYDRAULIC OIL SYSTEM
• TRIP OIL SYSTEM
• INLET AIR SYSTEM
• ATOMISING AIR SYSTEM
• LIQUID FUEL SYSTEM
• GAS FUEL SYSTEM
• FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
• COOLING AND SEALING AIR SYSTEM