Metals and acids

pages 110-111

Objective: Use information on the reactions of

metals with acids to place them in order of
reactivity.
4 potassium + water → potassium hydroxide + hydrogen
calcium + water → calcium hydroxide + hydrogen

5 copper, tin, zinc, lithium

6a gold, platinum
b caesium, francium
c copper (mercury and silver are also possible answers)

7a just below magnesium, as magnesium burns in air but reacts slowly with water
bi X oxide
ii X hydroxide + hydrogen
Do now: arrange metals in order of reactivity, with the
most reactive first. Use the descriptions (no books).
Look at the three most common acids
we use in the lab. What is common in
each of the formulae?
• Hydrochloric acid: HCl
• Sulfuric acid: H2SO4
• Nitric acid: HNO3
They all have hydrogen.
All acids contain hydrogen.
What is a salt?
A salt is a compound in
which the hydrogen atom
of an acid has been
replaced by a metal atom.
sulfate
Name the salts

Zinc chloride
Magnesium nitrate
Zinc sulfate
Making salts from an acid and a metal
Do now: Using your cards, where a reaction occurs and the acid is named, write
word equations to represent the chemical change.

1. potassium + hydrochloric acid → potassium chloride + hydrogen

2. sodium + hydrochloric acid → sodium chloride + hydrogen
3. calcium + hydrochloric acid → calcium chloride + hydrogen
4. magnesium + hydrochloric acid → magnesium chloride + hydrogen
5. aluminium + hydrochloric acid → aluminium chloride + hydrogen
6. iron + hydrochloric acid → iron chloride + hydrogen
7. tin + hydrochloric acid → tin chloride + hydrogen