SI(Petrol) Engine

Objectives:
✔ To study the performance of 4 cylinders, 4 strokes, Petrol engine
coupled with eddy current dynamometer.

✔ Calculate heat balance sheet for SI engine.

 Introduction
Four Stroke cycle engine:
• Suction or Induction stroke: The inlet valve is open, and
the piston travels down the cylinder, drawing in a charge
of air.
• Compression stroke: Both valves are closed, and the
piston travels up the cylinder.
• Expansion or Power stroke: Combustion propagates
throughout the charge, raising the pressure and
temperature, and forcing the piston down.
• Exhaust stroke: The exhaust valve remains open, and as
the piston travels up the cylinder the remaining gases are
expelled.

Fig.1 Fig. important position and volumes in reciprocating engine

 Experimental Setup
✔ Four cylinder, four strokes, Petrol (MPFI)
engine connected to eddy current type
dynamometer for loading.
✔ The set up has stand-alone panel box consisting
of air box, fuel tank, manometer, fuel measuring
unit, transmitters for air and fuel flow
measurements, process indicator, load indicator
and engine indicator.
✔ Rotameters are provided for cooling water and
calorimeter water flow measurement.

Fig.2: . 4 stroke 4 cylinder spark ignition (SI) Engine setup

 Experimental Procedure
Effect of load on engine performance.
1. Check cooling water supply in Rotameters.
2. Check electric connection for engine and computer.
3. Ensure that initial load is zero.
4. Start cooling water supply pump and ensure water flow rate is of 800 to 900 LPH for engine and 200 to 250
LPH for calorimeter and also in pressure sensor cooling tube. Start computer.
5. Start engine and run for few time (approx. 2 min) to stabilize sensor.
6. Set engine speed to 3500 RPM at no load condition and measure the engine parameter like speed, load, fuel
consumption, air consumption, cooling water flow rate for engine and calorimeter, temperature at various location.
7. Increase the load in step of 4 Kg up to 12 Kg and note down reading for all engine parameter.
8. Calculate heat balance sheet for SI engine.
9. Plot 1) speed vs. load, BP, IP, FP, thermal efficiencies.
2) speed vs. SFC, BSFC, and ISFC.
 Precautions
⮚ Use clean and filtered water; any suspended particle may clog the piping.
⮚Piezo Sensor Handling: Ensure cooling water circulation for combustion pressure
sensor.
⮚Diaphragm of the sensor is delicate part. Avoid scratches or hammering on it.
⮚Engine RPM should not exceed 4000 RPM.
 Parameters measure
⮚ Lab view based Engine Performance Analysis software package “Engine soft LV” is provided for on line performance
evaluation.
⮚ Performance Parameters:
▪ Indicated thermal efficiency: It is the ratio of energy in the indicated power to the fuel energy.
▪ Brake Thermal Efficiency : A measure of overall efficiency of the engine. It is the ratio of energy in the brake
power to the fuel energy.
▪ Volumetric Efficiency : It is an indication of the ‘breathing’ ability of the engine and is defined as the ratio of the
air actually induced at ambient conditions to the swept volume of the engine.
▪ Mean Effective Pressure and Torque: Mean effective pressure is defined as a hypothetical pressure, which is
thought to be acting on the piston throughout the power stroke.
▪ Other parameters: brake power, indicated power, frictional power, BMEP, Mechanical efficiency, specific fuel
consumption, A/F ratio and heat balance.
Thank
You…