Unit II: Prevention

of Substance Use
and Abuse
 Lesson 6

Drugs / Substances of
Abuse
 Drugs
-it is defined as any substance that affects bodily
functions.
-no nutritional value.
-it may either positively or negatively affect the
body.
-either used to treat specific health conditions or
pose harm to one’s health.
-it alter a person’s thinking and judgement,
leading to health risks, including addiction,
drugged driving and infectious disease.
 Types of Drugs

Prescription Over-the-Counter Controlled Drugs

-may onlyDrugs
be bought when a -medicines that may be -are substances strictly
prescription is presented. easily accessed in various regulated by law because of
commercial centers without their behavior-altering and
a prescription. addictive effects.
How Drugs enter the
Body?
-mouth
-through injection
-may be inhaled
-applied to the body
-implanted or placed under the
skin.
How Drugs enter the
Body?
Responsible Drug
- the practice of correctly
using drugs to keep a healthy
body.
Drug Misuse
-is the incorrect use of
substances to address any
condition in the body and occurs
when a person self-medicates and
takes medicines that are not
prescribed.
How Drugs enter the
Body?
Drug Abuse
- the continual use of a drug
not for its intended medical purpose but
for the pleasure or euphoric feeling one
gets from taking drug.
Drug Dependence
-refers to a condition wherein a
person cannot function normally without
using drugs.
Different Kinds of Illegal Drugs
1. Stimulants
-were used to treat respiratory ailments.
-a group of drugs that speed up the processes in the
central nervous system called uppers.
-people abuse drugs to experience the “high”
feeling, to temporarily increase alertness and energy.
Different Kinds of Illegal Drugs
1. Stimulants
-when the effect of stimulants wear off, the person
experiences “crash”, a sudden drop of energy that
causes a person to feel weak, tired, sad, and sleepy.
 Different Types of Stimulants

Cocaine Crack Amphetamines

-from coca leaves. -chemically produced.
-may cause immediate -a variant of cocaine with -used to lose weight.
death from heart attacks, severe effects. -it negatively affect the nervous
stroke, or seizure. system.

Metamphetamine Ephedrine MDMA (Ecstacy)

Side Effects of Stimulants
1. Short-term effects include exhaustion, apathy and
depression.
2. Causes tremors and vomiting, increase heart rate and
blood pressure that may cause stroke.
3. May cause impaired mental functions and a person
could feel confused aggressive, paranoid, and other
extreme emotions.
4. Highly addictive that may lead to dependence.
5. Affects muscle movement.
Different Kinds of Illegal Drugs
2. Depressants
-it slows down the processes of the central nervous
system.
-it is called as “downers”. These drugs come in
multicolored tablets and capsules or in liquid form.
-it is also known as sedatives.
Sedatives
-these are drugs that produce
a calming effect on a person.
 Types of Depressants
Barbiturate
-a substance that is prescribed to
patients who has difficulty in
sleeping.
-it relieves tension and stress and
enables a person to relax.
-rarely prescribed by a doctor as
they are highly addictive.
-Examples are Amytal, Numbutal,
Benzodiazepine
-prescribed substance to patients
who are experiencing anxiety
problems.
-tranquilizer
-used to relax the muscles and
relive seizures.
- Examples are Zyprexa,
Seroquel, Haldol and Librium
Side Effects of Depressants
1. If used together with alcohol. May cause seizure and
death.
2. Slurred speech and lack of coordination
3. Tiredness and laziness
4. Long-time use may lead to dependence.
5. Impair the functions of the nervous system due to
higher doses which will lead to irresponsible
decisions, violent behavior and accidents.
6. Some people experience the opposite of the intended
effects such as agitation or aggression.
Different Kinds of Illegal Drugs
3. Narcotics
-slow down the process of the nervous system
-it is used painkillers.
-known to relieve diarrhea and heavy coughs.
-they are often given to patients who are dying from
cancer and are in great pain.
 Different Types of Narcotics
Opium Morphine
-came from a poppy plant’s
seed -naturally found in opium
-it is milky and white in -considered as the drug
color. with strongest pain-
relieving ability

Codein and Heroin Oxycontin

-a substance derived from -used to relieve pain from
morphine. chronic illnesses such as
cancer.
Side Effects of Narcotics
1. May slow down breathing that may lead to
comatose and/or death.
2. Large dosage may cause extremely sleepy and
may find it difficult to wake up.
3. Sudden shifts in mood and emotions.
4. May lead to dependence.
5. Prone to accidents therefore one under these
substances must avoid driving or risk getting
into a road accident.
Different Kinds of Illegal Drugs
4. Hallucinogens
-these drugs can be found in some plants and
mushrooms or can be human-made and are used for
centuries during religious rituals.
-drugs that cause hallucinations.
Hallucinations – are imaginary
situations that are caused by impaired senses.
-also called as psychedelic drugs.
-street names are acid, angel dust, and vitamin K.
 Different Types of Hallucinogens
Lysergic acid diethylamide
-may come in tablet, capsule,
powder, or liquid form.
-may cause increased heart rate and Phencyclidine
body temperature, dilation of pupils,
-angel dust
and flushing of skin.
-acts as stimulant, depressant, or
-make a person feel invincible and
narcotic.
overconfident.
-may come in tablet, capsule,
powder, or liquid form.
Ketamine -anxiety, anger, aggression,
restlessness , disorientation and
-commonly used in veterinary isolation
medicine.
-it brings the same effects as
PSP, but for a shorter period of
Side Effects of Hallucinogens
1. Can cause vomiting, nausea, sweating, muscle
cramps, and unstable blood sugar level, heart
rate, and body temperature.
2. Can damage the ability of a person to perceive
time and to remember things.
3. May believe something is real when it is not.
4. May increase the feelings of anger and
aggression.
Different Kinds of Illegal Drugs
5. Inhalants
-often abused to alter the mood and behavior of a
person.
-produce a feeling of being “high” but only last for a
short period of time.
-it cant enter the body through sniffing or bagging.
Sniffing – refers to inhaling
fumes of the chemicals.
Bagging – refers to inhaling
fumes trapped inside a bag or container.
Different Types of Hallucinogens

*Gasoline Paint thinner*

*Fingernail polish remover Marker pen fluid*

*Wood Glue Liquid wax*

*Hairspray Wood varnish*

*Rugby Fluid Shoe Polish*

Side Effects of Inhalants
1. Interfere with breathing and cause suffocation,
seizures, and loss of consciousness.
2. Can affect vision and muscle coordination and
may often lead to accidents.
Different Kinds of Illegal Drugs

Marijuana
-a drug from dried leaves and
tops of a cannabis plant, and
is usually smoked or eaten.
-contains
tetrahydrocannabinol which
has psychoactive effect on the
body.
Side Effects of Marijuana
1. Produces a feeling od relaxation, drowsiness,
and euphoria, and may increase a person’s
appetite.
2. It damages the respiratory and reproductive
systems.
3. People who use marijuana may experience
short-term memory loss and loss of
concentration.