PRESENTATION ON

STEAM
TURBINE
GUIDED BY
Archana Choudhury
 Presentation Team
SI.NO NAME ROLL NO

1 Pintu Bora AEI/21/ME/001

2 Chan Ahmed AEI/21/ME/002
3 Dhanjit Saikia AEI/21/ME/003
4 Dulan Moni Patowary AEI/21/ME/004
5 Nazrul Hoque AEI/21/ME/005
6 Dishant Kalita AEI/21/ME/007
SI .NO CONTENTS

1 Introduction

2 Classification of steam turbine

3 Compounding in steam turbine

4 Difference between Impulse and Reaction turbine

6 Advantages and Disadvantages of steam turbine

7 Conclusion
INTRODUCTION:
 Steam turbines have been used for power generation since the late
19th century .
 Steam turbine convert the thermal energy of pressurized steam into
mechanical energy .
 The steam enters the turbine at high pressure and high temperature
and it expands as it passes through the turbine blades
 The expansion of steam causes the turbine blades to rotate , which in
turn drives a generator to produce electricity
 Steam turbine are commonly used power plants, refinieries and other
industrial application.
CLASSIFICATION OF STEAM TURBINE:
1 According to made of action:
a) Impulse turbine
b) Reaction turbine
2 According to direction of flow
c) Radial flow
d) Axial flow
e) Mixed flow
3 According to no of stages
f) Single stage steam turbine
g) Multi stage steam turbine
4 According to shaft orientation
h) Tanden compounding
i) Cross compounding
IMPULSE TURBINE

 The simple impulse turbine is called De-Laval turbine after the name of its inventor. It
consists of one set of nozzles and a set of moving blades.

Fig. De-Laval turbine

REACTION TURBINE
 A turbine in which steam pressure decreases gradually while expanding
through the moving blades as well as through the fixed blades is known as
reaction turbine.
 It consists of a large number of stages, each stage consisting of set of fixed
and moving blades.

Fig. Parson’s reaction turbine

COMPOUNDING IN STEAM TURBINE
1. Pressure compounding
A. Pressure-compounded turbines varies the pressure in multiple stages,(each stages
consist of nozzle and moving blades).
B. Each stage operating at a progressively lower pressure.
C. This allows for more efficient use of the steam's energy.

Fig: Pressure compounding

2. Velocity compounding

A. Velocity-compounded turbines varies the velocity in multiple stages,

(each stages consist of fixed and moving blades).
B. This helps to maintain a more constant velocity of the steam as it
passes through each stage, improving efficiency.

Fig: velocity compounding

3. Pressure–velocity compounding

A. Pressure-velocity compounded turbines varies both the velocity and

pressure in multiple stages,(each stages consist of nozzle, moving and fixed
blades).

Fig: pressure-velocity compounding

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN IMPULSE AND
REACTION TURBINE :
Impulse Turbine Reaction Turbine
1. It’s speed is low compared to
1. It operates in high speed impulse turbine
2. It is less efficient
2. It is more efficient
3. Pressure drops completely
3. Pressure drop is gradual
4. It is simple in construction
4. It is complex in construction
and requires multiple stages
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF
STEAM TURBINE
Advantages :

1. High efficiency: steam turbines have high efficiency levels,

converting a large portion of the energy from steam into mechanical
energy.
2. Reliability: Steam turbines are known for their reliability and long
operating life, making them suitable for continuous power generation.
3. Flexibility: Steam turbines can operate with a wide range of steam
conditions and can be used in various applications, including power
generation and industrial processes.
Disadvantages:

1. High capital cost: Steam turbines requires significant upfront

investment due to their complex design and construction.
2. High Maintenance Costs: Maintaining steam turbines can be
costly, requiring regular inspection, repair and replacement of
components.
3. Slow Startup: Steam turbines have a longer startup time compared
to other generation technologies .
 CONCLUSION

Steam turbines are the most important machines in the

energy conversion field. Their cumulative mechanical and
electrical installed power exceeds that of any other type of
unit by far. Their design and operational procedures are very
advanced, and they can be regarded as mature technological
components.
THANK
YOU