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G9 Math-Q3 - Week 6 - Similar Triangles
G9 Math-Q3 - Week 6 - Similar Triangles
G9 Math-Q3 - Week 6 - Similar Triangles
Triangles
What is SIMILARITY ??
• Two geometrical objects are called similar if they
both have the same shape.
• One can be obtained from the other by
uniformly scaling (enlarging or shrinking),
possibly with additional rotation.
• Similar to each other – all squares, all circles, all
equilateral triangles, etc
• Not similar to each other – rectangles,
hyperbolas.
History
E/ AC, t h e n
o f B P T : If AD/AB = A
Converse B C .
r a ll e l t o
DE is pa
Pythagoras’ Theorem
• The adjacent triangle is a
right angled triangle (angle B
= 90 ͦ )
• In the adjacent figure, AC is
the hypotenuse, BC and AB
This theorem are the remaining two sides.
ed
was discover
by Pythagora
s • Then, by Pythagoras’
by using theorem AC2 = AB2 + BC2.
I M I LA RI TY OF
S
I A NG L E S … .
TR
Projection Theorem 1
• The adjacent triangle ABC is
an acute angled triangle.
• AD is perpendicular to BC.
• By projection theorem 1,
AC2 = AB2 + BC2 – 2BC.CD
p lic ab le f or a c ute
T h e o r em 1 is a p
Projection d th e th eo re m is
ian gle s o nly a n
angled tr o f t w o h y p o t en u s es
im ple a dd it io n
based on s
i. e. A B an d A C .
Projection Theorem 2
• The adjacent triangle ABC is an
obtuse angles triangle.
• AD is perpendicular to BC
produced to D.
• By projection theorem 2,
AB2 = AC2 + BC2 + 2CD.BC
p p lic a b le f or
e o r e m 2 is a lt
Projection th ng le s o n ly a n d t h e r es u
e an gle d tr ia
obtus e a d d it io n of tw o
n s im p l
is based o n d A C .
t en us e s A B a
hy po
Apollonius Theorem
• In the adjacent triangle
ABC, AM is the median.
• “The sum of the squares of
o r em two sides of a triangle is
n i u s t h e
Apollo e a c h equal to twice the sum of
l e t o
i s a p p li c a b g le the square on the median
v e r y t r i a n
and e h e which bisects the third side
e d t h a t t
p r ov i d n. and the square of half the
i a n i s g i v e
med third side.”
• AB2 + AC2 = 2(AM2 + BM2)
Vertical Angle Bisector Theorem
• The adjacent triangle ABC
has an angle bisector AD
to BC.
• By vertical angle bisector
theorem, CA/CD = BA/BD.
l A n g le B is e c t o r
e r se o f V e r t i ca
C o nv g th r o ug h t h e
m : I f a lin e pa s s in
Theore s th e b a s e in th e
t r ia n g le d iv id e
vertex of a s , th e n it b is e c ts
h e o t he r t w o s id e
ratio of t
th e v er tic a l a n g le .
Applications of
Similar
Triangles….
• Similar triangles It is used in aerial
photography to see the distance from
the sky to the ground.
• It is used in construction to measure
out the room and scale size.
• It is used in light beams to see the
distance from light to the target.
• The Wright Brothers used similar
triangles to prepare their landing.
• In architecture similar triangles are used to
represent doors and how far they swing
open.
• You can also use it to find the height of a
ramp.