COMPARATIVE

ANALYSIS
REPORTER:
Tayrus, John Anthony G.
ARCHI - 3E
 EGYPTIAN WEST ASIATIC
ARCHITECTURE
SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
CREAT PYRAMID OF GIZA ZIGGURAT OF UR
-FACADE:
• huge physical properties
• Has four sides oriented to the cardinal
points of the compass

-CONSTRUCTION METHOD:
• build in layers that are smaller than the
preceding one

-TOMB
-TEMPLE
-MATERIAL:
-MATERIAL:
• granite
• mud-bricks reinforced with thin layers of
• limestone
twisted reeds
• alabaster
FACADE:
FACADE:
• Have shrines on top
• 756 long on each side, around 450
• 210 by 150 ft. originally 100 ft tall
ft. tall
• More rectangular
• More triangular
• Has a terrace and steps on the outside/sides
• Steps are on the inside
• Multi-storied
• Have only one long stretch of
• Built on a platform that lifts the building up
staircase
 GREEK ROMAN
SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE
-SIMPLICITY & HARMONY, PURITY OF
-VASTNESS & MAGNIFICENT, COMPLEX
LINES, PERFECTION AND PROPORTIONS -MATERIAL:
• stone OF SEVERAL STORIES
-PLAN: • timber
• marble -PLAN:
• rectangular
• circular and polygonal (
-ORDER: -COLUMNAR AND TRABEATED
-ORDER DEVELOPED:
• Doric -RECTANGULAR TEMPLE
• composite
• Ionic
• Tuscan
-

-MATERIAL:
• inclined block stones (walls in megaron
areas)
• omitted and trotted with timber paneled
coffers lacunaria (ceiling)
• marble (sculptures)
 GREEK ROMAN
SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE
-ROOFING:
• low-pitch or flat roof -ROOFING:
-MATERIAL:
• barrel and groin vault
• stone
• hemispherical dome
• timber
• marble
-COLUMNAR AND TRABEATED
-RECTANGULAR TEMPLE
-WALLS:
• cyclopean
• polygonal
• rectangular (megaron areas)
-WALLS:
• mosaic
• opus quadrum
• opus incertum
• opus recticulatium
• opus testaceum
• Mural paintings (walls of temples) • opus muxium
• fresco paintings (walls of temples)
 GREEK ROMAN
ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES SIMILARITIES
ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES

• Bouleuterion: -council house,

• House • Xystus or Public Park with Avenue of Tress -
covered meeting place of the • Market large open space with trees, statue &
democratically elected council. • Temples fountains.
• Assembly halls -used by citizens in
• Open-Air Theaters • Balneum - private bath
the general assembly. • • Colosseum - for gladiatorial combats
public bath
• Stadium / Station - foot race course
and also used for athletic
performances.
• Palaestra - (usually court) wrestling
school.
 GREEK ROMAN
ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES SIMILARITIES
ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES ARCHITECTURE
HOUSE ARCHITECTURE
HOUSE ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES
• Megaron
• Domus or Private House
- HOUSE
 GREEK ROMAN
ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES SIMILARITIES
ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES

MARKET PLACE
MARKET PLACE
• Agora or town square
• Forum
- MARKET PLACE

FORUM ROMANUM , ROME

GREEK AGORA, ATHENS
 GREEK ROMAN
ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES SIMILARITIES
ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES

• Temples
• Uses classical orders
• uses marble

The Parthenon, Athens

• Doric order The Pantheon, Rome
• symmetrical • Corinthian and Composite orders
• rectangular • circular and Polygonal
• peripteral colonnade surrounding a • Columns: eight in the front and
two rows of four
rectangular cella (inner chamber) • large rotunda with a hemispherical
• material: Pentelic marble dome supported by a series of
concrete ribs and an oculus
(circular opening) at the center
• material: combination of
concrete, brick, and marble

PLAN
 GREEK ROMAN
ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES SIMILARITIES
ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES

• Odeion (Open-Air Theaters)

Odeion Odeum
• FUNCTION:
• build-up by means of concrete vaulting,
-served as venues for cultural and
supporting tiers of seats.
educational events, including musical
performances, recitations of poetry, lectures,
and debates. They provided spaces for
intellectual and artistic pursuits within their
respective societies.

LAYOUT:
• Odeion build-up using concrete
vaulting, and supporting tiers of seats.
• They often had tiered seating
arrangements to accommodate
Theatre of Herodes Atticus Odeum des Domitian
audiences and provide good sightlines to
• constructed primarily using stone or the stage or speaker's platform.
• onstructed using a variety of materials,
marble
including stone, concrete, and brick
• paid attention to acoustics in the design
 GREEK ROMAN
ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES SIMILARITIES
ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE • public bath
ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES

• served as social hubs where people from Thermae

Gymnasium
all walks of life could gather to • luxurious public bath
• a place for physical exercise
socialize, exercise, and relax. • both palaestra & Gymnasium were prototypes
• large bathing halls of Roman “Thermae”
• mosaic floors
• marble columns
• ornate decorations
• designed to accommodate large numbers
of visitors

• Parts
-dressing room
-for physical exercise Parts of Thermae
Parts of Gymnasium: - Tepidarium
-Courts for athletes - warm room
- Tanks for bathers - Calidarium - hot room, or with hot water bath
- Dressing rooms & toilets - Frigidarium - cooling room
- Exedrae & other seats for spectators - Sudarium - dry sweating room
- Stores - Apodyteria - dressing room
places for rest & conversation - - Palaestra - for physical exercise
Ephebium or club - for lectures - Unctuaria or untoria - place for oils & perfumes
-Spaeresterium- game room
 ROMANESQUE GOTHIC
ARCHITECTURE SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
-SOBER AND DIGNIFIED
-OPENINGS:
-Vertical and inspiring
-PLAN: • semi-circular
• latin cross plan - transept wide as the nave,
-PLAN:
chancel was prolonged to the east, the choir -ROOFING:
• long, narrow, and low (ENGLISH)
was waisted • has domes
• short, wide, and high (FRENCH)
• performed vaulting
• triapsal plan, french (GERMAN)
• widely spaced nave arches (ITALIAN)
-COLUMNS:
• short nave, octagonal vaults (SPANISH)
• vertical shaft
• capital
• abacus

-TOWERS:
• square
• octagonal
• circular
-CRYPT:
• relica burial below
 ROMANESQUE GOTHIC
ARCHITECTURE SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
-WALLS:
• rough and course (texture) -OPENINGS: -WALLS:
• arched corbels (topped the wall) • semi-circular • Battlement parapets (ENGLISH)
• buttresses (pilaster strips) • tracery parapets (FRENCH)
-ROOFING: • brick made (GERMAN)
• has domes • flat walls (ITALIAN)
• performed vaulting • traced open work spires (SPANISH)

-COLUMNS:
• vertical shaft
• capital
• abacus
 ROMANESQUE GOTHIC
ARCHITECTURE SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
-OPENINGS: -OPENINGS:
• semicircular arches (doors) -OPENINGS: • painted and stained glass windows
• multiple jambs (windows) • semi-circular • pointed
• rose wheel windows (principal door) • large
• tracery
 ROMANESQUE GOTHIC
ARCHITECTURE SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
-VAULT:
-VAULT:
• groin vaulted
• mostly barrel vaults
-ROOFING: • ribbed (general)
• side aisle (location)
• has domes • fan tracery vaulting (Italian)
• quadpartite and sexpartite (types of vault)
• performed vaulting • open timber

QUADPARTITE VAULT

SEXPARTITE VAULT
 ROMANESQUE GOTHIC
ARCHITECTURE SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
-COLUMNS:
-COLUMNS: -COLUMNS:
• patterned from Corinthian and ionic before
• vertical shaft • attached to piers
becoming CUBIFORM (capitals)
• capital • has a square abacus
• vertical fluting, spiral trellis, ornaments
• abacus
(shaft)
 ROMANESQUE GOTHIC
ARCHITECTURE SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
-MOULDING: -MOULDING:
• vegetable of animal motifs • battlement and tracery parapets
• vertical string courses • buttress
• pinnacles
• turrets
• spires
 ROMANESQUE GOTHIC
ARCHITECTURE SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
-ORNAMENTS: -ORNAMENTS:
• vegetable of animals • crosteque (gargoyles)
• stained glass

FRESCO PAINTING
-often used than mosaics
 EARLY CHRISTIAN BYZANTINE
ARCHITECTURE SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
• GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
Impressive and dignified, Reflective of roman Structural: Simple exterior, but rich interior
design. • Vault
HAGIA SOPHIA
• Dome
SANTA SABINA
• Ionic & Corinthian Column
• Carved Capitals (Acanthus leaves)
Influence:
• Roman Architecture
Materials:
• Bricks, Stone, Glass, Colored Stone
Walls:
• Brickwork
• Mosaics • STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS
• STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS Dome and Column
Openings:
Vaulted aisles, Timber roof on central nave, Vaulted Dome on pendentive
• Semi-circular arches
Dome for apse.
Roofing:
• Dome
Ornaments:
• Glass Mosaics and details
 EARLY CHRISTIAN BYZANTINE
ARCHITECTURE SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
• Openings • Openings
Spanned by semi-circular arch. Uses LINTEL Structural: Semi-circular arch, horseshoe.
& BEAM. • Vault Windows are small and placed on domes,
Clerestory - evident • Dome translucent marble and alabaster.
• Ionic & Corinthian Column
• Carved Capitals (Acanthus leaves)
Influence:
• Roman Architecture
Materials:
• Bricks, Stone, Glass, Colored Stone
Walls:
• Plan
• Brickwork • Plan
Roman Basilica - followed the method and
• Mosaics Greek Cross
plan Circular Baptistery
Openings:
• Semi-circular arches
Roofing:
• Dome
Ornaments:
• Glass Mosaics and details
 EARLY CHRISTIAN BYZANTINE
ARCHITECTURE SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
• Columns • Columns
Roman - tuscan, doric, ionic, corinthian, and Structural: Carved Capitals - designed by ionic and
composite • Vault corinthian, later became cubiform.
Carved Capitals - acanthus leaves • Dome Roman to monolithiic
• Ionic & Corinthian Column
• Carved Capitals (Acanthus leaves)
Influence:
• Roman Architecture
Materials:
• Bricks, Stone, Glass, Colored Stone
Walls:
• Brickwork
• Wall • Mosaics • Wall
Rabble and concrete, plaster, brick, with Openings: Bricks with marble and glass mosaics.
Mosaics • Semi-circular arches Absence of mouldings.
Roofing:
• Dome
Ornaments:
• Glass Mosaics and details
 EARLY CHRISTIAN BYZANTINE
ARCHITECTURE SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
• Materials • Materials
Bricks, Stucco, Wood, Stone, Fragments Structural: Bricks, Marble, Glass
• Vault
• Ornaments • Dome • Ornaments
Features Colorful Ornaments, Glass Mosaics, Glass and costly marbles for walls.
• Ionic & Corinthian Column
Apse shows Jesus Christ, apostles and angels. • Carved Capitals (Acanthus leaves)
Influence:
• Roman Architecture
Materials:
• Bricks, Stone, Glass, Colored Stone
Walls:
• Brickwork Symbolic figures:
• Mosaics 1. Chi Rho
Openings: 2. Peacock - means Immortal life
• Mouldings
• Semi-circular arches 3. Endless Knot
Old Roman type - low craftsmanship, acanthus
• Small windows • Mouldings
leaves.
Roofing: Billet Mould - to frame marble panels
• Dome Flat splayed mould.
Ornaments:
• Glass Mosaics and details
 RENAISSANCE ROMANESQUE
ARCHITECTURE SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
• GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
Classicism & Horizontality, Symmetry & Both style revives or reuses previous style Sober & Dignified or Picturesqueness
Proportion specifically Roman Architecture Reusing or resemblance to Roman style
Age of revival of Greek & Roman Style Structural:
• Use of dome
Influence:
• Roman Architecture
Materials:
• Stone, Marble, Bricks, Limestone
Walls:
• Brickwork PISA CATHEDRAL
Roofing:
• Vault • STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS
PALAZZO MEDICI RICCARDI
Columns: Romanesque Vaulting
• STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS • Roman & Greek orders
Gothic Dome Openings:
Flying Buttresses • Semi-circular arches
 RENAISSANCE ROMANESQUE
ARCHITECTURE SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
• Openings • Openings
used semi-circular for arches also called Both style revives or reuses previous style Semi-circular arch, multiple jambs, Rose/Wheel
Mannerist style. specifically Roman Architecture window common in southern italy

Structural:
• Use of dome
Influence:
• Roman Architecture
Materials:
• Plan • Stone, Marble, Bricks, Limestone
Walls:
• Brickwork
Roofing: • Plan
• Vault Latin Cross plan (Transept wide as the nave,
Columns: Chancel was prolonged east, Choir was raised)
• Roman & Greek orders
Openings:
• Semi-circular arches
 RENAISSANCE ROMANESQUE
ARCHITECTURE SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
• Columns • Columns
Roman and Greek orders Both style revives or reuses previous style Capitals - patterned from corinthian & ionic, later
specifically Roman Architecture became cubiform
Shafts - Vertical, fluting, spiral, trellis, ornaments
Structural:
• Use of dome
Influence:
• Roman Architecture
Materials:
• Stone, Marble, Bricks, Limestone
Walls:
• Wall • Brickwork
straight facade, brickworks, pediment and Roofing: • Wall
balustraded, stone & bricks, arabesque, classical • Vault rough texture and coarse, arched corbels,
orders. Columns: buttresses (pilaster strips)
• Roman & Greek orders
Openings:
• Semi-circular arches
 RENAISSANCE ROMANESQUE
ARCHITECTURE SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
• Materials
stone, marble, terracotta tile & stucco (a • Materials
Both style revives or reuses previous style
mortar mixture), timber stone, brick, volcanic tufa, travertine, marble,
specifically Roman Architecture
• Ornaments/Details limestone, pmice & tufa for vaulting.
Great precision, around doors & windows,
Structural:
sculptures in niches or plinths. • Ornaments
• Use of dome
Influence: Vegetable and animal kingdom, FRESCO
• Roman Architecture PAINTINGS often used than mosaics
Materials:
• Stone, Marble, Bricks, Limestone
Walls:
• Brickwork
• Symmetry & Proportion Roofing:
hemispherical domes, evenly spaced-out • Vault
windows, central entrances, precise ratios of Columns:
height and width • Roman & Greek orders • Mouldings
• Space and Light - sense of grandeur and peace. Openings: vegetable and animal motifs
• Semi-circular arches

St. Peter’s Basilica Dome

 GEORDIAN & VICTORIAN
REGENCY SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
• STYLE
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
Materials:
- 1714 – 1837
- Gracious classical proportions and symmetry. • Bricks
• GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
- First steps towards a coherent approach to • Stones
- 1837 – 1901
town planning - Steeply pitched roofs
- Symmetrical Chimneys Characteristics: - Ornate gables
- Often two(2) rooms deep and two(2) stories • Use of Chimneys
- Generous wrap around porches
high • Two (2) or three (3) storey house
- Two or three stories
- Can include additional stories and half
stories, with the top floors featuring smaller
and/or dormer windows and lower ceilings in
space that were originally reserved for staff.
 GEORDIAN & VICTORIAN
REGENCY SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
• STYLE
Decorative Elements
Materials:
• Decorative Elements
- Sash windows - Bay windows
- Brickworks • Bricks - Turrets
- Quoins • Stones - Roof finials
- Chimney - Porch Brackets
Characteristics:
• Use of Chimneys
• Two (2) or three (3) storey house
 BAROQUE ROCOCO
ARCHITECTURE SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
• 16th century to the early 18th century. • Emerged in 18th century Paris.
• Originated in Italy Materials: • Originated in France at the end of the baroque
• Grandeur, dramatic, and emotional intensity or • Stone period.
theatrical (excessive). • Marble • known for its lightness, elegance, and playful
• Luxurious, overly ornamented deigns. • Stucco ornamentation.
• Baroque style was meant to represent the glory • Wood • it focused on comfort, warmth, privacy, and
of the Roman Catholic Church. informality while also representing the church
ROYAL PALACE OF MADRID Decorative Element: and God.
• Intricate Ornamentation

Characteristics:
• Theatricality
• Luxurious

CATHERINE PALACE
 BAROQUE ROCOCO
ARCHITECTURE SIMILARITIES ARCHITECTURE
• Often used for religious and civic buildings,
such as churches, palaces, and public squares. Materials: • Primarily found in domestic interiors, salons,
• Emphasized bold massing, colonnades, domes, • Stone and smaller-scale palaces.
and painterly color effects. • Marble • Interiors often featured richly plasterwork,
• Often include depictions of flowers, leaves, • Stucco Gliding, and pastel-colored paint schemes.
and cherubs, and they’ll occasionally feature • Wood
intricate monograms.
Decorative Element:
• Intricate Ornamentation

Characteristics:
• Theatricality
• Luxurious

Salon de Monsieur le Prince, Chantilly

St. Paul’s Cathedral

 ART NOUVEAU SIMILARITIES ART DECO
-Form and Style -Innovation in Design: -Form and Style
Characterized by: • They embraced new materials and Characterized by:
• flowing construction techniques to create bold • geometric shapes
• curvilinear forms and distinctive structures. • symmetry
• asymmetric • a more streamlined aesthetic
• elaborate ornamentation -Attention to Detail: Employs:
Often features: • bold, angular forms
• sinuous lines -Integration of Art: • stepped setbacks
• floral motifs • integrated art into architecture, blurring • stylized representations of modern
• decorative ironwork the lines between architecture and technology.
decorative arts. They emphasized the
-Inspiration: aesthetic appeal of buildings, -Inspiration:
• natural forms, such as plants, flowers, considering them as total works of art. • modernism, the machine age, and urban
and the human body. environments.
• It sought to create harmonious, organic • celebrated progress, industrialization,
designs that reflected the and technological advancements, often
interconnectedness of art and nature. incorporating motifs such as sunbursts,
chevrons, and zigzags.
 ART NOUVEAU SIMILARITIES ART DECO
-MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION: -Innovation in Design: -MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION:
to create intricate, decorative facades and • They embraced new materials and to streamlined designs and innovative
interiors they used: construction techniques to create bold structural solutions, they used:
• wrought iron and distinctive structures. • concrete
• glass • steel
• ceramics -Attention to Detail: • glass, which allowed for sleek
They emphasized : They embraced:
• craftsmanship -Integration of Art: • industrial materials
• artisanal techniques • integrated art into architecture, blurring • mass production methods
the lines between architecture and
decorative arts. They emphasized the
aesthetic appeal of buildings,
considering them as total works of art.
ART NOUVEAU ART DECO
ART NOUVEAU ART DECO
ART NOUVEAU ART DECO

Casa Battló, Barcelona, Spain Chrysler Building, Manhattan in

New York City
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