TOPIC OF PRESENTATION:

TYPES OF READING
FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH I
PRESENTED BY;
• ABEERA SOAHIL 04
• ZUBAIDA EMAN MALIK 51
• RIMLA TASLEEM 41
• KASHAF HAYAT 02
• MEHAK NADEEM 05
• MUHAMMAD RIZWAN AHMED 25
• PRESENTED TO: MA’AM SALMA AYAZ
 READING
• Reading is the process of interpreting and understanding written
language. 📚
• It is not only a necessity of life but an activity from which to derive
enjoyment. However, in an educational setting, simply decoding words is
not enough. Instead, one must understand what they are reading. This is
the gist of reading comprehension of which there are several types:

I. INTENSIVE READING
II. EXTENSIVE READING
III. INFERENTIAL READING
INFERENTIAL READING

Presented by:
ABEERA SOHAIL
EMAN MALIK
 INTRODUCTION
• INFERENCE: “Making informed and educated guesses”.
Inference is the process of drawing conclusions based on available
information and reasoning. It is like making an educated guess based on what
we already know.
• INFERENTIAL READING:
Inferential reading is the ability to understand the unstated or implied
meaning of a text. Unlike literal reading , it involves,
“reading between the lines” to draw conclusions
based on clues and evidences provided by the
author.
 PRINCIPLES FOR INFERENTIAL READING
• IDENTIFY CONTEXTUAL CLUES:
Use context clues and textual evidence to "read between the lines“.
• PRIOR KNOWLEDGE:
Activating prior knowledge and experiences to connect with the text
• CRITICAL THINKING:
Critically analyze and synthesize information to gain a deeper understanding.
• QUESTIONING:
Raising questions for better comprehension.
• MAKING PREDICTIONS AND DRAWING CONCLUSIONS:
Make logical predictions, draw conclusions, and hypothesize about unstated information.
• CONSIDERING THE AUTHORS’S PURPOSE:
Understanding the author's purpose is crucial in this process, as it helps readers
 OBJECTIVES
• Inferential reading is essential for comprehending complex texts,
analyzing literature, and engaging with content that may contain
multiple layers of meaning.
• Inferential abilities are essential for academic success and critical
analysis which can be developed by means of inferential reading
 PROS
• It enhances comprehension.
• Improves critical thinking abilities.
• Equip readers with skills to engage with complex texts.
• Help readers become proficient in making logical inferences based on
evidence presented in the text.
• Encourages readers to use their imagination and creativity.
 CONS
• Limited accuracy: Readers lacking relevant background knowledge
or having weak inferential comprehension skills can miss the subtle
clues leading to misinterpretation.

• Time consuming: Inferential reading requires deeper analysis and

critical thinking, which can be time-consuming compared to literal
reading.

• Cognitively demanding: Inferential reading is cognitively demanding

and requires multiple skills to be used simultaneously. ( involve making
connections, analyzing information, and drawing conclusions, rather than simply recalling facts or
following prescribed steps)
 QUIZ
• Before the 1800's people didn't have right or left shoes. They had shoes of just one
shape that they used for both feet. When people first saw right and left shoes, they
laughed. They called them "crooked shoes." "What a silly idea," they said. You can
tell that shoes before 1800:
• were pretty
• didn't look alike
• didn't fit very well

• Joseph and Caitlin were choosing the players for their teams. It was Caitlin's turn to
choose, and only Jason was left. Caitlin said, "Jason.“ We can infer that…
• Jason was the best player.
• Caitlin wanted Jason on her team
• Caitlin had a hard time choosing a team member.
 QUIZ
• Many breeds of dogs are used for work. In many cultures dogs are used to herd
sheep. The dogs keep the flock from being attacked by animals such as wolves.
They also keep sheep from wandering off. Sheepdogs are known for their loyalty
and gentleness. Based on your reading of the text, you can INFER that:

• Sheepdogs are not very smart dogs.

• Sheepdogs are gentle and loyal.
• There are many breeds of dogs.
• Wolves are afraid of sheepdogs.
 QUIZ
• Which sentence from the selection supports that the computer
was not working properly?
• Rita took three hours to finish her homework.
• Ritaʼs homework was not finished.
• Rita had to write out her story instead of typing it.
• Ritaʼs homework was not done correctly.
 QUIZ
• Which sentence supports that Jack is feeling sleepy?

• Jack went to bed late because he was at a birthday party.

• Jackʼs eyes were droopy and his eyelids felt really heavy.
• Jack put his head down on the desk.
• Jack was not paying attention to the lesson.
 QUIZ
• Which line from supports the idea that Cara's proud of the work she's
done with her Grandpa?
• Cara: Is this good enough, Grandpa?
• Cara: Grandma's coming!
• Cara: We're out here, Grandma!
• Cara: We did it with our own four hands!

• Which sentence suggests that Joanna rode her bike to school?

• Joannaʼs hair was a little messy when she got to school.
• Joanna crossed three streets on her way to school.
• Joanna went four blocks on her way to school.
INTENSIVE
READING

Presented by :
Rimla Tasleem
Kashaf Hayat
 DEFINITION
• Intensive reading is a method of reading where the reader focuses closely on
a text, typically analyzing its structure, vocabulary, and content in detail to
achieve a thorough understanding of the material. It often involves reading
shorter passages multiple times to extract meaning and gain deeper insight
into the text.
• It is the deep analysis of text and language . It involves learners reading in
detail with specific learning aims and tasks.
 PRINCIPLES OF INTENSIVE READING

• CLOSE EXAMINATION:
• Concentrate on understanding every word and phrase in text.
• CRITICAL THINKING:
• Critically analyze and synthesize information to gain a deeper understanding.
• ACTIVE ENGAGEMENT:
• Take notes, underline or highlight important parts or unfamiliar vocabulary.
• QUESTIONING:
• Ask questions to clarify meaning, purpose, or implications of text.
• RE-READING:
 OBJECTIVES
• To improve language skills.
• Promote critical thinking.
• To develop a deep
understanding of text by
focusing on details , vocabulary,
and structure.
 PROS
• Enhances vocabulary .
• Improves grammar.
• Develops the skill of questioning and answering.
• Improves comprehension ability.
• Increase general knowledge.
• Enhances memory and concentration level.
 CONS
• It is a slow and time consuming process.
• It requires high level of mental concentration and focus, which can be
mentally draining and lead to fatigue overtime.
• Disruption of reading flow .
• Since it focuses on a smaller amount of text in detail, it may result in
a narrower scope of knowledge compared to extensive reading, which
covers a wider range of topics.
 Quiz
1. ------------ reading has certain learning aims and tasks, learners are
supposed to read the text in detail with concentration and due care.
a. Extensive reading
b. Intensive reading Ans : b
c. Speed reading

2. Intensive reading is ---------

a. Pre reading
b. Skimming
c. Critical reading

Ans : c
 Quiz

3. Slow and careful reading of short texts is

a. Intensive reading
b. Extensive reading Ans : A

4. Goal of this type of reading is to understand all language and details

in text
a .Intensive reading
Ans: A
b. Extensive reading
Floods can cause tremendous damage. They can ruin
houses, roads and buildings .Floods can take down
trees and cause mudslides. It often leaves mud, sand
and debris behind .It can take months to clean up after
a flood.
1.What does tremendous and debris mean?
2.What is the main idea?
a. Floods can cause a lot of damage.
b. Floods cause mudslides.
c. Floods damage houses and roads.
1.How fast a tornado can travel?
2.Why are the called twisters?
Extensive Reading

Presented by:
Mehak Nadeem
Muhammad Rizwan Ahmad
 Introduction
Reading is like opening a door to new worlds and adventures.
When we talk about reading, there are different ways to do it.
One of these ways is called Extensive Reading. Instead of
closely examining every word, extensive reading is more about
enjoying the story and exploring different books. It's like taking
a leisurely walk through the world of literature, where you can
relax and let the words take you on a journey.
 Principles of Extensive Reading
• Immersive Experience: Dive into the text and enjoy the story
without overthinking.
• Relaxed Exploration: Take a leisurely approach to reading, allowing
the narrative to unfold naturally.
• General Understanding: Focus on grasping the overall plot and
themes rather than scrutinizing every detail.
• Enjoyment and Appreciation: Embrace the pleasure of reading
and appreciate the author's storytelling.
• Casual Engagement: Engage with the text casually, without the
need for in-depth analysis or critique.
• Broad Exposure: Explore a wide range of texts to enrich vocabulary
and language skills.
 Objectives
• Foster love for reading through enjoyable experiences with diverse texts.
• Enhance reading fluency with regular practice using various materials.
• Expand vocabulary and language proficiency through exposure to authentic
language.
• Develop comprehension skills by focusing on understanding text meaning.
• Cultivate cultural awareness by exploring diverse perspectives in literature.
• Support language acquisition through exposure to authentic written language.
 Pros
• Helps understand hard texts well.
• Makes you think and analyze better.
• Keeps you engaged with the text.
• Helps you like different types of books.
• Makes you better at understanding.
• Lets you learn a lot about topics.
 Cons
• Quick understanding, but miss details.
• Might skip important parts.
• Hard to think deeply.
• Could miss hidden meanings.
• Vocabulary grows slowly.
• Limits exploration of complex topics.
Quiz
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 CONCLUSION
• Each approach to reading- inferential, intensive and extensive offers
unique benefits and serve specific purposes in developing reading
proficiency.
Intensive reading enhances comprehension through focused analysis.
Extensive reading promotes fluency and enjoyment by reading.
Inferential reading allows readers to infer information that is not
explicitly mentioned in text.
ANY QUESTIONS?