Lesson 6.

Kinds of Parallelograms and

Their Properties
Learning Competency

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to

determine the conditions that make a quadrilateral a
parallelogram (M9GE-IIIa-2).
 Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the learners should be able to

do the following:

∙ Accurately determine the properties of a parallelogram.

∙ Correctly identify congruent segments and angles of a

given parallelogram.

∙ Correctly identify the different kinds of parallelograms.

If you observe everyday items that you use, you will see that
many of these form parallelograms.
For instance, the designs among walls and tiles form a
parallelogram. The structure of certain buildings also follows
parallelograms.
Parallelograms have certain properties that make them the
preferred choice by architects and engineers in construction.

In this lesson, you will learn about the different kinds of

parallelograms and their properties.
 Essential Questions

∙ What makes a quadrilateral a parallelogram?

∙ Are squares, rectangles, and rhombuses classified as

parallelograms? Why do you think so?
 Learn about It!

Quadrilateral
This is a polygon with four sides and four angles.

Example:
The figure on the right is an
example of a quadrilateral.
 Learn about It!

Parallelogram
This is a quadrilateral whose opposite sides are parallel.

Example:
The figure on the right is a
parallelogram. The tick marks
shown on the sides mean that the
opposite sides are parallel.
 Learn about It!

Trapezoid
This is a quadrilateral with only one pair of parallel sides.

Example:
The figure on the right is an
example of a trapezoid.
 Learn about It!

Kite
This is a special type of quadrilateral with two pairs of
congruent adjacent sides.

Example:
The figure on the right is an
example of a kite.
 Learn about It!

Trapezium
This is a quadrilateral with no parallel sides, and each of its
pair of adjacent sides are not congruent.

Note that the definition of trapezoid and trapezium are often

interchanged in American and British versions, so it is
important to recognize the origin of the material.
 Learn about It!

Trapezium
Example:
The figure below is an example of a trapezium.
 Learn about It!

Rectangle
This is a parallelogram with four right angles.

Example:
The figure on the right is an
example of a rectangle.
 Learn about It!

Rhombus
This is a parallelogram with four congruent sides.

Example:
The figure on the right is an
example of a rhombus.
 Learn about It!

Square
This is a parallelogram with four congruent sides and four
right angles.

Example:
The figure on the right is an
example of a square.
 Learn about It!

Rhomboid
This is a parallelogram with no right angles and whose
adjacent sides are not congruent

Example:
The figure on the right is an
example of a rhomboid
 Learn about It!

Properties of Parallelogram

Property 1: A parallelogram must have two pairs of

parallel opposite sides.
Property 2: In a parallelogram, any two opposite sides are
congruent.
Property 3: In a parallelogram, any two opposite angles
are congruent.
 Learn about It!

Properties of Parallelogram

Property 4: In a parallelogram, any two consecutive

angles are supplementary.
Property 5: The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each
other.
Property 6: A diagonal of a parallelogram form two
congruent triangles.
 Learn about It!

Naming Quadrilaterals
In naming quadrilaterals or polygons, write the letters in
consecutive vertices
Try
Let’sit!Practice
Try
Let’sit!Practice
Solution to Let’s Practice
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Solution:
Draw the figure and write the given measurements.
Solution to Let’s Practice
Try
Let’sit!Practice
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Solution:
1. Draw the figure.

With the given figure, it is easier to see

the necessary parts.
Solution to Let’s Practice
Solution to Let’s Practice
Solution to Let’s Practice
Solution to Let’s Practice
 Try It!

Individual Practice:
 Try It!

Individual Practice:
 Try It!

Group Practice: To be done in groups of five.

 Key Points

● A quadrilateral is a polygon with four sides and four

angles.
● The following are the different kinds of quadrilaterals.
o A parallelogram is a quadrilateral whose opposite
sides are parallel.
o A trapezoid is a quadrilateral with only one pair of
parallel sides.
o A kite is a special type of quadrilateral with two pairs
of congruent adjacent sides.
 Key Points

o A trapezium is a quadrilateral with no parallel sides,

and each of its pair of adjacent sides are not
congruent.

● The following are the different kinds of parallelograms.

o A rectangle is a parallelogram with four right angles.
o A rhombus is a parallelogram with four congruent
sides.
 Key Points

o A square is a parallelogram with four congruent sides

and four right angles.
o A rhomboid is a parallelogram with no right angles
and whose adjacent sides are not congruent.

● The following are the different properties of

parallelograms.
o Property 1: A parallelogram must have two pairs of
parallel opposite sides.
Key Points

o Property 2: In a parallelogram, any two opposite sides

are congruent.
o Property 3: In a parallelogram, any two opposite
angles are congruent.
o Property 4: In a parallelogram, any two consecutive
angles are supplementary.
o Property 5: The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect
each other.
 Key Points

o Property 6: A diagonal of a parallelogram form two

congruent triangles.

● In naming quadrilaterals or polygons, write the letters

in consecutive vertices.
 Bibliography

Goodwin, Jaime. “6 Properties of Parallelograms to Help You Identify Them”. Magoosh. Retrieved 28 May
2019 from https://magoosh.com/math/properties-of-parallelograms/.

Ryan, Mark. “Properties of Parallelograms.” Dummies: A Wiley Brand. Retrieved 28 May 2019 from
http://bit.ly/2N6BsHF