Curs 5 - Airway Desobstruction. Lateral Safety Position 2

Basic life support I
Clinical evaluation of the state of

consciousness
n Resuscitation Council
Airway desobstruction
Lateral safety position
Lecturer Dr. Cristina Petrișor

MD, PhD, DESA
 By the end of this training, students have to:
◦ Be able to recognize an unconscious victim

◦ Recognise airway obstruction
◦ Be able to describe how the lateral safety position is
applied
◦ Understand the importance of airway patency
◦ Understand the importance of the lateral safety

postion
 700,000 cardiac arrests annualy in Europe
 Hospital discharge (alive) 5-10%
 BLS techniques are vital before EMS arrive
 Early chest compressions and timely

defibrilation (in 1-2 minutes) can increase
survival rate up to 60%
https://www.erc.edu/
Safety of the rescuer
State of consciousness
Strigăm după ajuto
Opening airways
Check for breathing

Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 breathings
https://www.erc.edu/
Rescuer’s safety
Place of
intervention State of consciousness
trigăm după ajutor
Rescuer
Open airway
Victim
Check for breathing
Family Call 112
members and
other by-
standers 2 artificial breathings
Rescuer’s safety
Opening airway
Check for breathing

Call 112
30 chest comppressions
2 breathings
Gently shake shoulders
Ask “do you feel all
right?”
If the victim responds

• keep him in the same
position you have found
him.
• Ask which is the problem.
• Re-evaluate periodically.
 Definition
 the state of being conscious; awareness of
one's own existence, sensations, thoughts,

surroundings
 A= the patient is alert (can speak, look

around him)
 V= responding only to verbal stimulation
 P= responding only to pain stimulus
 U= unconscious= comatose
Rescuer’s safety
Shout for help
Opening the airways
Check for breathing

Call 112
2 breathings
Rescuer’s safety
Check for breathing
Shout for help
Open the airways
Check for breathing

Call 112
2 breathings
 Look, listen and
feel NORMAL
breathings
 Do not equal
agonal breathing
with NORMAL
breathing
 Appear shortly after cardiac arrest in aprox
40% of the patients
 Can be described as heavy, deep, loud and

rare breaths
 Also called gasping
 May be an early recognising sign for the

cardiac arrest
 Definition
 a blockage of respiration in the airway. It can
be broadly classified into being either in the

upper airway or lower airway.
 foreign body aspiration
 blunt laryngotracheal trauma
 penetrating laryngotracheal trauma
 tonsillar hypertrophy
 paralysis of the vocal cord or vocal fold
 acute laryngotracheitis such as viral croup,
bacterial tracheitis
 Epiglottitis
 peritonsillar abscess
 Breathing insufficiency- labored, gasping
 Patient is agitated, may become comatose
 Stridor= abnormal inspiratory sound
 Intercostal and supraclavicular retractions during
inspiration
 Cannot speak or cry out
 Violent, involuntary cough,
 Gurgle or vomiting noise

 The person desperately clutches his or her throat
or mouth
 Cyanosis
 Basic airway management comprise a set of
medical procedures performed in order to
prevent airway obstruction
 Ensure an open pathway
 Obstuction= choking- cause by the tongue,
- foreign bodies or
materials from the body itself

- blood or aspiration of
gastric contents
 Protective reflexes
 Coughing is normal after most of the irritants
aspiration, almost involuntary.

 hard back slaps with the heel of the hand on
the upper back of the victim.
 The back slap is designed to use percussion
to create pressure behind the blockage,

assisting the patient in dislodging the foreign
body.
 rescuer stands behind a patient and using his
or her hands to exert pressure on the bottom
of the diaphragm (epigastrium).
 exerts pressure on any object lodged in the
trachea, hopefully expelling it.
abdominal thrusts

 it is possible that internal injuries may result.
 preventing the tongue from falling back and
obstructing the airways
 such as head-tilt/chin-lift and
jaw-thrust maneuvers
 in the bronchioles
 Reduced diameter of the small airways
impairs breathing during expiratory time

 Eample: asthma attacks
obstructive lung disease

 Expiratory sounds= wheezing
 Prolonged expiratory time

 Vomiting
 Regurgitation
 Aspiration of gastric contents inside the
airway: traches lungs aspiration

pneumonitis/pneumonia

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Basic life support I

Clinical evaluation of the state of

Lecturer Dr. Cristina Petrișor

◦ Be able to recognize an unconscious victim

◦ Understand the importance of the lateral safety

 Early chest compressions and timely

Check for breathing

Check for breathing

If the victim responds

one's own existence, sensations, thoughts,

 A= the patient is alert (can speak, look

Check for breathing

Check for breathing

 Can be described as heavy, deep, loud and

 May be an early recognising sign for the

be broadly classified into being either in the

 Gurgle or vomiting noise

materials from the body itself

aspiration, almost involuntary.

to create pressure behind the blockage,

impairs breathing during expiratory time

obstructive lung disease

 Prolonged expiratory time

airway: traches lungs aspiration

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