TEXT AS CONNECTED

DISCOURSE
Module 1 Lesson 9
 What is text?
Defined as the main body of matter in a
manuscript, book, newspaper etc.
Large unit of written language.
A group of ideas put together to make a
point or one central idea.
It is made up of sentences.
 What is discourse?
discursus means argument, conversation,
utterance, talk, speech / discussion
An expression of thoughts or ideas.
Therefore Text as Connected
Discourse is a group of ideas put
together to make one central idea. It
has a structure which requires the
ideas in the discourse to be relevant
to each other.
Read the sentence aloud:

Apple banana blue walk

tree happy sing.
Question:
Does the sentence make sense?
In order to make text as connected
discourse use transitional words.

EXAMPLES OF TRANSITION WORDS

in contrast, finally, for example, second,
while, and, in addition, either…or, next,
although, but, neither…nor
FORM OF DISCOURSE
 EXPOSITION
Serve to explain or inform
Appeals to intellect
 DESCRIPTION
Serve to describe, state the
qualities
Appeals to the senses
 NARRATION
Serve to narrate or tell a story
Appeals to the emotions
 ARGUMENTATION
Serve to argue, to persuade, and to
actuate
PURPOSE OF
DISCOURSE
 TO INFORM
It gives facts, instructions or
directions to the readers.
Example:
Textbook, newspaper, magazine
 TO PERSUADE
This shows an appeal to the readers
emotion or to prevail on (a person) to do
something.
Example:
Political speech, essay, advertisement
 TO ENTERTAIN
To provide someone amusement
or enjoyment.
Example:
Romance novel, comic book
 Text vs. Discourse
It is made up of It is made up of
sentences having utterances having
the property of the property of
grammatical coherence
cohesion.