EARLY

DISCOVERIES
Greeks, 1800s, 19th Century, 20th Century
Atomic Theory and Atomic Structure

Early Discoveries Saturday, September 16, 2023

 Ancient Greeks
o The concept of the atom has been around for
over 2,500 years.
o matters can be divided into smaller, to
smaller, to smaller units
o “Atomos” meaning Indivisible

Saturday, September 16, 2023 ATOM: Periodic Table

 o John Dalton formulated the ATOMIC THEORY

1803
o All matter is composed of atom
o Atoms cannot be subdivided into smaller particles
o Atoms of the same elements are identical whereas atoms of
different elements differ
o Chemical reactions rearrange atoms in relation to each other
o Compounds form when two or more different elements
bond together

Saturday, September 16, 2023 ATOM: Periodic Table

 1904
JJ Thompson
o
o Discovered electrons
o Plum Pudding Model
o Cathode Ray Beams
o Electrons are 1800 times lighter than the lightest
element (H)

Saturday, September 16, 2023 ATOM: Periodic Table

1911
o Ernest Rutherford
o Discovered Protons
o Muller and Geiger
o Nuclear Model

Saturday, September 16, 2023 ATOM: Periodic Table

 1913
o Neil Bohr
o Orbits or shells
o Electrons are like planets that
orbits the sun

Saturday, September 16, 2023 ATOM: Periodic Table

 o Erwin Schrödinger

1926
o Austrian Physicist
o It was discovered that electrons move
in waves in a defined space called
electron cloud
o Quantum Mechanical Model

Saturday, September 16, 2023 ATOM: Periodic Table

 Sub-Atomic Particles

Electron(-) Proton(+) Neutron(o)

Negatively Charge Positively Charge No Charge

Saturday, September 16, 2023 ATOM: Periodic Table

 Sub-Atomic Particles
How to get the # of each
Subatomic Particles?

Atomic Number = # of Protons = # of electrons

# of Neutron= Atomic Weight – Atomic Number

Saturday, September 16, 2023 ATOM: Periodic Table