Intro to CPU

Prepared by: me
Brain of Computer
The central processing Unit is the
brain of the computer. It control
and process all the information in
the computer
Microprocessor
CPU is housed on a single chip
called microprocessor
It is located in system unit.
TYPES OF CPU

The power of the CPU determines the

speed at which software programs can
operate.
Types of CPU

 More cores mean a CPU can do more work.

A CPU with DUAL, TRIPLE or QUAD cores
will make a significant difference in the
processing power of the laptop you choose.
The Single Core CPU

These are the oldest types of CPUs.

Since they can only start one request at
a time, they’re not very good for
multitasking.
The Dual Core CPU

This CPU has two cores that give it the

performance of two CPUs. Dual Core
CPUs can handle multitasking much
more efficiently than Single Core CPUs
The Dual Core CPU

: If you call on more than one

application, it can start them at the
same time instead of switching back
and forth between different data
streams.
The Dual Core CPU

But in order to take advantage of this

technology, the operating system and
the program running on it must have
a special code written on them called
SMT (simultaneous multi-thread techn
ology)
.
The Quad Core CPU

These CPUs refine dual core

technology. They supersede
them by adding two more cores
for a total of four to the CPU
design. Quad Core CPUs allow
for even greater multitasking.
The Quad Core CPU

 Butjust like dual cores, unless the program

the CPU is running has the SMT code written
on it, you won’t feel the difference
The Quad Core CPU

 And, it doesn’t mean that just one

request will be accomplished faster.
Rather, your laptop will feel more
responsive when you start more than
one request at a time.
Components of CPU;
The CPU has three
components
1. ALU ( Arithmetic Logic Unit)

Performs all arithmetical

calculations such as addition and
multiplication and makes all
logical decisions
2. MU (memory Unit)

Storesdata and instructions to

process data
3. CU (Control Unit)

Directs different parts

of the computer to
carry out instructions.
It controls
communication and
coordination between
input/output devices
HOW DOES A CPU FUNCTION

 1. FETCH. Requests are stored

in memory each of which have
their own address. In this step,
the processor takes the address
from the program counter which
is responsible for the request
the CPU should execute next.
HOW DOES A CPU FUNCTION

2. DECODE. In this step,

programs to be executed are
processed into Assembly
code which are then
decoded into binary
instructions.
HOW DOES A CPU FUNCTION

3. Execute. Here, one of

three things happen: 1) The
CPU performs calculations with
the ALU. 2) The CPU moves
data from one memory location
to another. 3) Or the CPU
jumps to different addresses.
HOW DOES A CPU FUNCTION

4. Store. In this final step,

the CPU gives feedback after
executing a request and the
output is written to memory.
CPU Cache

Cache is a type of fast memory that

buffers between RAM and the CPU. It’s
like a temporary holding place on the
CPU for data that’s used all the time.
CPU Cache

Instead of relying on RAM for

commonly used data. It’s stored on the
CPU’s cache, which is faster than RAM
because of its physical proximity to the
CPU’s processors.
Disk Drives

Attached to the CPU

They are storage devices
They are housed within the
computer or in an external
box
Disk drives

Made up of several disks.

The disks are sealed in an airtight
case to protect it from dust
Each disk store data
CD drive

Itenables us to create CD-ROMs and

audio CDs
We can copy and save data on CDs.
CD drive

Itis used to save and read data on

DVDs.
We can store large amounts of data
such as films on DVDs
USB port (Universal Serial Bus)

USB port is a part of system unit

and is linked to CPU
We can attach input/output
devices and USB flash drive to the
USB port.