DEFECT IN

APPEARANCE
 APPEARAN
CE

dirty patchy white

patches deposits growth discolouration
 APPEARAN
CE
Crystalline deposit of salts that can form when water is
present in or on brick, concrete, stone or other building
surfaces

Possible causes:
1. A soluble salt
2. Water
3. Channels

Prevention:
1. Hydroponic sealant
2. Capillary breaks
3. Quality masonry construction

discolouration
dirty
growth
patches
patchy white
deposits
 APPEARAN
CE
It should be noted that staining may
be attributed to improper design of
the building and its facade.

Causes:
1. Defective rain water system
2. Defective damp proofing
3. Defective pointing

Prevention:
1. Avoid details and coating that trap and attract dirt
2. Ensure all potential water leakage and condensation
are in check
3. Avoid using an excessive amount of water when
discolouration
growth
cleaning painted walls to prevent drips
dirty
patches
 APPEARAN
CE

Possible causes:
1. Present of moisture
2. Present of crack

Prognosis:
1. Affecting occupant’s health
2. Damaging the structure

discolouration
growth
 APPEARAN
CE
The uniformity of colour or hue on the surface

Possible causes:
1. Inconsistent paint mixture
2. Environmental issues
3. Water leaking
4. Wear & Tear
Prognosis:
1. Discolouration area will be increased

discolouration
CONCLUSION