ADVANCED

MANAGEMENT
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
LECTURE 6

INFORMATION SYSTEM INTERACTION

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OUTLINE

 Information system interaction

 Integration
 Interoperability
 Summary
 Discussion

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AN OVERVIEW PICTURE
Organization A

Chapter 6: Information
System Interaction

Organization B
Which context?

But… why?

http://connext-ph.com/cg3/images/dev/system.png; https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2014/12/17/08/00/system-571182_960_720.jpg; https://www.essentialsql.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/database-parts-220x220.jpg; http://infov-it.com/sites/default/files/images/service/1/slide_Database.png; http://www.brightoutcome.com/_ui/images/custom-projects.png;

http://www.remotexs.in/sites/default/files/users.png; http://cdn2.hubspot.net/hub/202647/file-362198412-jpg/images/user_generated_content_is_the_future_of_ecommerce_2.jpg

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INFORMATION SYSTEM INTERACTION (1/3)

 Business and technology change is

instantaneous
 The evolution of information systems
 Global trends with multi-disciplinary
applications
o Scope
o User requirement change
o New functionalities
o The total replacement of new information systems
does not help
W. Hasselbring. Information System Integration: Introduction. Communications of the ACM, vol. 43, no. 6, June 2000, pp. 33-38

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INFORMATION SYSTEM INTERACTION (2/3)

 Integration
System C
System System
Information
A B

 Interoperability
System System
A Information B

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INFORMATION SYSTEM INTERACTION (3/3)

 Interface is “a connection between two pieces

of electronic equipment, or between a person
and a computer.” (Cambridge Advanced
Learner’s Dictionary)
 System interface
o A connection between two systems

http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/

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BUSINESS INTERRELATIONSHIP

http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/

7
ENTERPRISE APPLICATION INTEGRATION

(O’Brien & Marakas, 2010)

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WHY DO WE NEED INTEGRATION?

2011
-
2015

http://cafef.vn/tai-chinh-ngan-hang/infographic-he-thong-ngan-hang-thay-da-doi-thit-the-nao-sau-4-nam-tai-co-cau-20150918161629699.chn

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INTEGRATION PROBLEM?

Pictures from: https://buildafoundation.net/2016/02/; https://imgflip.com/i/v9t6b

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CLASSIFICATION OF INTEGRATION PROBLEMS

 Strategy
 Processes
 System
o Application
o Data

A. Schmidt, et al. Integrating information systems: case studies on current challenges. Electron Markets (2010) 20: 161-174

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INTEGRATION

 Internal integration
 External integration
 Levels of integration

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INTERNAL/EXTERNAL INTEGRATION

 Internal integration
o “Systems and technologies are integrated with
one another within an organization“ (Tan, 2005)
 External integration
o “Systems and technologies interface with outside
organizations and agency computer systems“
(Tan, 2005)

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LEVELS OF INTEGRATION
 Data integration
o Data exchange and retrieval from heterogeneous sources
 Application Interface integration
o The re-use of components and the logic of programs from well-
defined interfaces
 Method integration
o The re-use of methods handling business processes
 Portal integration
o Components of heterogeneous applications are integrated in
portals
 Process integration
o Processes are re-designed, re-organized, and then integrated
(Adelsberger et al., 2008)

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INFORMATION SYSTEM INTEGRATION

 Dimensions of information system integration

o Distribution
o Heterogeneity
o Autonomy

W. Hasselbring. Information System Integration: Introduction. Communications of the ACM, vol. 43, no. 6, June 2000, pp. 33-38; M. Tamer Özsu, Patrick Valduriez: “Principles of Distributed Database Systems,” 3rd ed. Springer, 2011, ISBN 978-1-4419-8833-1

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WHY DO WE NEED INTEROPERABILITY?

 Smartlink Card, JSC

http://smartlink.com.vn/Home/gioi_thieu.aspx?id=8; http://kinhdoanh.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/thuong-mai-dien-tu/tin-tuc/smartlink-trien-khai-dich-vu-chuyen-tien-nhanh-2925207.html

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INTEROPERABILITY (1/5)
 “Ability for two (or more) systems or components
to exchange information and to use the
information that has been exchanged” (IEEE
Standard Computer Dictionary)
 Levels of interoperability (Ouksel & Sheth, 1999)
o System Interoperability
o Syntactic Interoperability
o Structural Interoperability
o Semantic Interoperability

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/182763/ ; A. M. Ouksel, A. Sheth. Semantic Interoperability in Global Information Systems. SIGMOD Record, vol. 28, no. 1, March 1999, pp. 5-12.

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INTEROPERABILITY (2/5)
 System Interoperability
o "Ability for two (or more) systems or components
to exchange information and to use the
information that has been exchanged regardless
of system heterogeneity“ (Sheth, 1998)
o For example
 Differences in transaction management primitives and
techniques (concurrency control, commit protocols, and
recovery)
 Differences in hardware and system software
requirements
 Differences in communication capabilities
A. Sheth. Changing focus on interoperability in information systems: from system, syntax, structure to semantics. In: Interoperating Geographic Information Systems, M. F. Goodchild, M. J. Egenhofer, R. Fegeas, and C. A. Kottman (eds), Kluwer Publishers, 1998.

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INTEROPERABILITY (3/5)

 Syntactic Interoperability
o "Ability for two (or more) systems or
components to exchange information and to
use the information that has been exchanged
regardless of syntactic, format heterogeneity“
(Sheth, 1998)
o For example
 Different formats of exchanged information

A. Sheth. Changing focus on interoperability in information systems: from system, syntax, structure to semantics. In: Interoperating Geographic Information Systems, M. F. Goodchild, M. J. Egenhofer, R. Fegeas, and C. A. Kottman (eds), Kluwer Publishers, 1998.

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INTEROPERABILITY (4/5)
 Structural Interoperability
o "Ability for two (or more) systems or
components to exchange information and to
use the information that has been exchanged
regardless of structural,
representational/schematic heterogeneity“
(Sheth, 1998)
o For example
 Different representations, constraints, and
manipulations of exchanged information
A. Sheth. Changing focus on interoperability in information systems: from system, syntax, structure to semantics. In: Interoperating Geographic Information Systems, M. F. Goodchild, M. J. Egenhofer, R. Fegeas, and C. A. Kottman (eds), Kluwer Publishers, 1998.

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INTEROPERABILITY (5/5)
 Semantic Interoperability
o "Ability for two (or more) systems or
components to exchange information and to
use the information that has been exchanged
regardless of semantic heterogeneity“ (Sheth,
1998)
o For example
 A common understanding of the meanings of the
exchanged information
 Also hiding system, syntax, and structural
heterogeneity
A. Sheth. Changing focus on interoperability in information systems: from system, syntax, structure to semantics. In: Interoperating Geographic Information Systems, M. F. Goodchild, M. J. Egenhofer, R. Fegeas, and C. A. Kottman (eds), Kluwer Publishers, 1998.

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ENTERPRISE COLLABORATION
SYSTEMS

(O’Brien & Marakas, 2010)

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ENTERPRISE BUSINESS SYSTEMS

 Customer relationship management

 Enterprise resource management
 Supply chain management

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CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP
MANAGEMENT (CRM)
 Manage customer relationships
 A complete view of customers at every touchpoint
and across all channels
 A complete view of the organization and its
extended channels
 CRM is towards customer-focused or
customer-centric strategy

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CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP
MANAGEMENT (CRM)
 CRM uses information
technology to create a
cross-functional enterprise
system that integrates and
automates many of the
customer-serving processes
(such as sales, marketing,
and customer services) that
interact with a company’s
customers.
(O’Brien & Marakas, 2010)

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CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP
MANAGEMENT (CRM)
 CRM systems include a family of software
modules.
 Leading vendors of CRM softwares
 Siebel Systems
 Oracle
 PeopleSoft
 SAP AG
 Epiphany

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CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP
MANAGEMENT (CRM)
 Charles
Schwab
& Co.

(O’Brien & Marakas, 2010)

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CRM CATEGORY

(O’Brien & Marakas, 2010)

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ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP)

 Enterprise resource planning is a cross-

functional enterprise system driven by an
integrated suite of software modules that
supports the basic internal business
processes of a company.

(O’Brien & Marakas, 2010)

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ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP)
 ERP serves as a cross-
functional enterprise
backbone that integrates
and automates many
internal business
processes and
information systems
within the
manufacturing, logistics,
distribution, accounting,
finance, and human
resource functions of a
company.
(O’Brien & Marakas, 2010)

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ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP)

 ERP pros and cons

(O’Brien & Marakas, 2010)

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SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (SCM)

 Supply chain management is a cross-

functional interenterprise system that
uses information technology to help support
and manage the links between some of
a company’s key business processes and
those of its suppliers, customers, and
business partners.

(O’Brien & Marakas, 2010)

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SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (SCM)

 Supply chain management

 Right products
 Right place
 Right time
 Proper quantity
 Acceptable cost
 A supply chain is frequently called a value chain

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SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (SCM)

 The goal of SCM is to efficiently manage the

supply chain process by
 Forecasting demand
 Controlling inventory
 Enhancing the network of business relationships
 Receiving feedback in the supply chain

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SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (SCM)

(O’Brien & Marakas, 2010)

35
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (SCM)

(O’Brien & Marakas, 2010)

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SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (SCM)

(O’Brien & Marakas, 2010)

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SUMMARY
 Information system interaction
o Trends
o System interfaces
 Information system integration
o Heterogeneity
o Technology
 Information system interopability
o Standardization
o Technology

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DISCUSSION
 Why do we need an information system to
interact with one another?
 What are state-of-the-art technologies or
standards you have known so far for information
system interaction?
 What are challenges when you perform either
integration or interopability in your business?
 What are solutions for information system
integration?
 What are solutions for information system
interopability?
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REFERENCES (1/2)
1. Kim Viborg Andersen, Morten Thanning Vendelø, “The past and future of
information systems”, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, 2004.
2. Dimitris N. Chorafas, “Enterprise Architecture and New Generation
Information Systems”, ST. Lucie Press, 2002.
3. Peter Bernus, Kai Mertins, Günter Schmidt, “Handbook on Architectures
of Information Systems”, Springer-Verlag, Second Edition, 2006.
4. Joseph Fong, “Information Systems Reengineering and Integration”,
Second Edition, SpringerVerlag, 2006.
5. Witold Abramowicz, Heinrich C. Mayr, “Technologies for Business
Information Systems”, Springer-Verlag, 2007.
6. J. O’Brien, G. M. Marakas, ”Introduction to Information Systems”,
McGraw-Hill, 2010.
7. Z. Irani & P. Love, “Evaluating Information Systems – Public and Private
Sector”, Elsevier, 2008.
8. D. Brandon, “Project Management for Modern Information Systems”,
Idea Group Inc, 2006.

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 REFERENCES (2/2)
9. Heimo H. Adelsberger, Kinshuk, Jan Martin Pawlowski, Demetrios
Sampson, “Handbook on Information Technologies for Education and
Training”, Second Edition, Springer-Verlag, 2008.
10. Joseph Tan, “E-Health Care Information Systems: An Introduction for
Students and Professionals”, Jossey-Bass, 2005.
11. “Design of Industrial Information Systems”, Academic Press, Inc., 2006.
12. J. O’Brien, “Management Information Systems: Managing Information
Technology in the Business Enterprise”, Sixth Edition. McGraw-Hill, 2004.
13. Information and Communications Publishing House, Information and Data
on Information and Communication Technology, White book 2014.
14. J. McManus & T. Wood-Harper, “Information System Project
Management”, Pearson Education Limited, 2003.
15. Đặng Trần Khánh, Phan Trọng Nhân. Bảo vệ tính riêng tư trong các dịch
vụ dựa trên vị trí, ISBN 978-604-73-4009-5, NXB ĐHQG-ĐHBK Tp. HCM,
2016.

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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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