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Combining Radicals (Add, Subtract, Multiply, and Divide)
Combining Radicals (Add, Subtract, Multiply, and Divide)
Combining Radicals (Add, Subtract, Multiply, and Divide)
Symbol
Example 9 3 9 3 9 3
Radical Expressions
Finding a root of a number is the inverse operation of raising
a number to a power.
radical sign
index
n radicand
a
5xy
What does the following symbol represent?
The symbol represents the negative root of
a number.
1•1=1
2•2=4
3•3=9
4 • 4 = 16
5 • 5 = 25
6 • 6 = 36
49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144, ...
PERFECT SQUARES
1 64 225
4 81 256
9 100 289
16 121 324
25 144 400
36 169
49 196 625
4 =2
16 =4
25 =5
100 = 10
144 = 12
SIMPLIFYING RADICALS
SIMPLIFYING RADICAL
EXPRESSIONS
36 4 9
36 4 9 100 4 25
6 23 10 2 5
SIMPLIFYING RADICAL EXPRESSIONS
Product Property for Radicals
50 25 2 5 2
• A RADICAL HAS BEEN SIMPLIFIED WHEN ITS RADICAND CONTAINS NO
PERFECT SQUARE FACTORS.
• TEST TO SEE IF IT CAN BE DIVIDED BY 4, THEN 9, THEN 25, THEN 49,
ETC.
• SOMETIMES FACTORING THE RADICAND USING THE “TREE” IS
HELPFUL.
x x
14 7
Perfect Square Factor * Other Factor
8 = 4*2 = 2 2
LEAVE IN RADICAL FORM
= 4*5 = 2 5
20
32 = 16 * 2 = 4 2
75 = 25 * 3 = 5 3
40 = 4 *10 = 2 10
Perfect Square Factor * Other Factor
48 = 16 * 3 = 4 3
LEAVE IN RADICAL FORM
80 = 16 * 5 = 4 5
50 = 25 * 2 = 5 2
125 = 25 * 5 = 5 5
450 = 225 * 2 = 15 2
SIMPLIFY: Perfect Square Factor * Other Factor
18 = =
= =
LEAVE IN RADICAL FORM
24
= =
72 = =
= =
288 = =
STEPS TO SIMPLIFY RADICALS:
6
x
Square root of a variable to an
even power = the variable to
one-half the power.
88
SIMPLIFY: y
44
y
x x
12
6
x x
7
SIMPLIFY: 50 y
25 y 2 y
6
3
5y 2y
SIMPLIFY 72
1. 2 18
.
3 8
2..
6 2
3.
36 2
.
4..
36
SIMPLIFY 9x
1. 3X6
2. 3X18
3. 9X 6
4. 9X18
SIMPLIFY THE FOLLOWING
RADICAL EXPRESSION
= =
= =
=
=
= =
SIMPLIFY THE FOLLOWING
RADICAL EXPRESSION
= =
= =
=
=
= =
+
SIMPLIFY EACH EXPRESSION
6 7 5 7 3 7 8 7
5 6 3 7 4 7 2 6 3 6 7 7
TO SIMPLIFY RADICAL EXPRESSION:
2 50 3 32
2 25 * 2 3 16 * 2
2 *5 2 3* 4 2
10 2 12 2
2 2
TO SIMPLIFY RADICAL EXPRESSION:
SIMPLIFY EACH RADICAL FIRST BY FINDING THE
PERFECT SQUARE FACTOR AND THEN COMBINE.
3 27 5 48
3 9 * 3 5 16 * 3
3*3 3 5* 4 3
9 3 20 3
29 3
PRACTICE
TO SIMPLIFY RADICAL EXPRESSION:
6 5 5 6 3 6
3 24 7 54
2 8 7 32
PRACTICE
TO SIMPLIFY RADICAL EXPRESSION:
6 5 5 20 18 7 32
2 28 7 6 63
Add or Subtract the
following radicals
=
=
=
=
NOTE: You can only add or subtract like
terms. (same index and radicand).
*
To multiply radicals: multiply the
coefficients and then multiply
the radicands and then simplify
the remaining radicals.
Multiply and then simplify
5 * 35 175 25 * 7 5 7
2 8 * 3 7 6 56 6 4 *14
6 * 2 14 12 14
2 5 * 4 20 8 100 8 *10 80
Multiply or Divide the following
Radicals then simplify if possible
=
=
=
=
=
=
Multiply or Divide the following
Radicals then simplify if possible
=
=
=
=
=
To divide radicals:
divide the
coefficients, divide
the radicands if
possible, and
rationalize the
denominator so that
no radical remains in
the denominator
56
8 4*2 2 2
7
This cannot be
divided which leaves 6 6 7
the radical in the *
denominator. We do 7 7 7
not leave radicals in
the denominator. So
42 42
we need to
rationalize by 49 7
multiplying the
fraction by something
so we can eliminate
the radical in the 42 cannot be
denominator. simplified, so we are
finished.
This can be divided 5 1 2
which leaves the *
radical in the 10 2 2
denominator. We do
not leave radicals in
the denominator. So
we need to 2
rationalize by 2
multiplying the
fraction by something
so we can eliminate
the radical in the
denominator.
This cannot be 3 3 3
divided which leaves *
the radical in the 12 12 3
denominator. We do
not leave radicals in
the denominator. So
3 3
we need to
rationalize by 36
multiplying the
fraction by something
so we can eliminate
the radical in the
3 3 3
denominator.
Reduce
the
6 2
fraction.
X 2
=X
Y 6 = Y3
4 6 2
P X Y = P 2X3Y
4 2
4X Y = 2X2Y
8 10 = 5C4D5
25C D
X 3 = X 2
*X
=
X X
5
Y = Y 4
Y
= Y 2
Y