UNDERSTANDING HUMAN

PERSONALITIES

Pn. Lydia Isnawaty Jacob Joki

Health Education Officer
Health Promotion Unit
 OUTLINES
●Introduction
●Development of personalities
●Test your own personalities
●Norms
●Pathological personalities
 INTRODUCTION
●A person don’t always think, feel and behave
exactly the same way
●Depends on the situation we are in, the people with
us and many other things
●But people tend to behave in fairly predictable
ways or patterns
●Every individual have a set of these patterns
 DEFINITION
●Pattern of thoughts, feelings and behaviour
that makes each of us the individuals that
we are
●Makes a person a unique person
 INTRODUCTION
● Personalities doesn’t change very much – pervasiveness
● It does develop as each person goes through different
experiences in life, as the circumstances change
● As we mature with time, thinking, feelings and behaviour
change
● Flexibility to learn from past experiences and to change our
behaviour to cope with life more effectively
 INTRODUCTION
● When personality becomes pathological, ability &
flexibility to change markedly reduced
● Patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving more
difficult to change
● More limited range of emotions, attitudes and
behaviours with which to cope with everyday life
● Make things difficult for the person and people around
 DEVELOPMENT OF
PERSONALITY
●Freud’s stages of psychosexual development
●Freud’s structural model of personality
●Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development
●Piaget’s stages of cognitive development
●Kohlberg’s stages of moral development
 DEVELOPMENT OF
PERSONALITY
●It is complicated
●Recognizable soon after birth
●Temperament + environment + character
 DEVELOPMENT OF
PERSONALITY
Temperament:
● the set of genetically determined traits that determined
the child’s approach to the world and how the child
learns about the world
● There are no genes that specify personality traits, but
some genes do control the development of the nervous
system which in turn controls the behaviour
 DEVELOPMENT OF
PERSONALITY
Environment:
●Adaptive patterns related to a child’s specific
environment
●E.g. parenting
●Nature (temperament) vs Nurture (environment)
 DEVELOPMENT OF
PERSONALITY
Character:
● The set of emotional, cognitive and behavioural patterns
learned from experience that determines how a person
thinks, feels and behaves
● Continues to evolve throughout life, although much
depends on inborn traits and early experiences
● Also dependent on a person’s moral development
TAKE THE CHALLENGE!
WHICH ONE ARE YOU?

score:
○Selalu = 5
○Kadang-kadang = 4
○Jarang = 2
○Tidak pernah = 0
1. Saya lebih suka bermain dan menonton sukan lasak.

Pemandu yang memandu perlahan dihadapan saya

2.
menyakitkan hati saya.

Saya hanya bercakap tentang perkara-perkara yang

3.
penting bagi saya.

Saya membaca surat khabar atau menonton TV semasa

4.
makan.

5. Saya berasa bersalah jika saya tidak berbuat ap-apa.

 Saya suka bersaing atau sukan yang mempunyai
6.
pertandingan.

Saya selalu mengambilberat untuk menghabiskan tugas-

7.
tugas saya dalam masa yang ditetapkan.

8. Saya makan lebih cepat berbanding dengan orang lain.

9. Saya berjalan dengan lebih laju.

Saya fikirkan atau cuba melaksanakan dua atau lebih tugas

10.
pada masa yang sama.
 Saya akan cuba melakukan lebih banyak tugas dalam
11.
masa yang ada.

12. Saya banyak merokok.

13. Saya selalu cuba mempercepatkan percakapan orang lain.

14. Saya tidak tahan beratur ataupun menunggu.

15. Saya minum lebih arak berbanding dengan orang biasa.

16. Saya bercakap lebih laju berbanding dengan orang lain.

Untuk memastikan semua perkara dilakukan dengan betul,

17.
saya terpaksa melakukannya.

Saya memastikan bahawa saya sentiasa menepati masa

18.
untuk suatu temu janji.

Saya mengukur kejayaan dalam kehidupan saya dengan

19.
bilangan harta benda yang saya ada.
Saya tidak sabar melihat orang lain membuat kerja apabila
20. saya boleh buat kerja yang sama dengan lebih cepat atau
lebih baik.
WHAT’S YOUR SCORE?
Calculate your total score

Type B Type A
 Type A
● Highly independent nature
● Self-driven
● Know the importance of goal setting, positive thinking and motivation
● Competitive
● Impatient
● Easily prone to hostility, aggressiveness and rudeness
● Sharp in thinking
● Good problem solving ability
● Always need to be doing something (often described as workaholics)
● Difficulty to relax
● Prone to cut people off while the other speaks
● Low tolerance for incompetence
● Prone to suffer from hypertension, stress, heart disease and social isolation
 Type B
● Hardly stressed, extremely relaxed in any situation
● Described as happy-go-lucky
● Cheerful & carefree
● People love hanging out with them, entertaining and fun to be around
● Lack of urgency but able to get their work done in their own pace, without being
driven by deadlines
● Able to handle failures very well (see it as obstacles and moving on)
● Extremely patient even in the most tense and stressful condition
● Never give in to pressure and aggression
● Tolerant, flexible and adaptable in situations, hardly ever complain about things
● Lead a full social life, like connecting with people and forming strong emotional
bonds with them
 Type C
● Introverts interested in details
● Think very systematically and analytically
● Arranging facts in logical order
● Make decisions based on research and information backing them up
● Natural problem solver
● Highly sensitive, being deep and thoughtful
● Tend to shirk from social or human interaction
● Not a risk taker
● Do not do well with criticism
● Over critical of the people around them
 Type D
● Stick to the same and established routines over the uncertainty of
change
● Followers of the spent actions & executors of the direct commands
● Doing best when not to put themselves to take the responsibility & risk
● Afflicted by negativity: worry, irritability, gloomy etc
● Hardly feel self-assured, constantly searching for security
● Avoid opening up and sharing negative emotions to avoid rejection
● Prone to suffer from stress & cardiac disease
WHICH ONE IS THE BEST?

“Rojak” of all types

 DIFFERENT DIMENSIONS
OF PERSONALITY
Extraversion x Introversion
Sensing x Intuition
Thinking x Feeling
Judging x Perceiving
Both are used by everyone, but one is usually
preferred and better developed than the other .
16 Personality Types of Myers & Briggs
Extraversion:
Overall stimulation of thinking is
toward the outer world - people
and things
Introversion:
Overall stimulation of thinking is
toward the inner world - thoughts
and reflections
Sensing:
Gives attention to what is being
perceived by way of the five senses
- sight, sound, feel, taste, smell
Intuition:
Gives attention to what is being
perceived by the imagination
- finds patterns and relationships
Thinking:
React to new information through
logical analysis
Feeling:
React to new information through
personal values
Judging:
Prefer to live a planned, orderly
life.
Perceiving:
Prefer to live a flexible, adaptive
life.