Use the Gas Laws to determine the

Pressure, Volume, Temperature of a gas

under certain conditions of changes
Princess Mae C. Pasunting | Mrs. Marilou P. Bulandres | TCSHS
GAS LAWS

• The laws describing the behavior of gases under fixed

pressure, volume, and temperature conditions are
called Gas Laws. The basic gas laws were discovered by
the end of 18th century when scientist found out that
the relationship between pressure, volume, and
temperature of a sample of gas could be obtained
which would hold to approximation for all gases.
BOYLE’S LAW

• It is published in 1662, Robert Boyle’s law

systematically studied the realationship between
the volume and pressure of a fixed of gas at a
constant temperature. He observed that the
volume of a given mass of a gas is inversely
proportional to its pressure at a constant
temperature.
Statement

The concept can be related with these formula:

• V x 1/P, meaning “ Volume is inversely proportional to Pressure”, or

• P x 1/V, meaning “ Pressure is inversely proportional to Volume”, or

• PV = k1, or

• P1 V1 = P2 V2

Where P is the pressure, V is the volume of a gas, and k1 is the constant in this
equation.
Example 1

• A 2.5 L container has a gas

pressure of 4.6 atm. If the
volume is decrease to 1.56 L.
what will be the new pressure
inside the container?
Example 2

• The air inside the flexible 3.5 container has

pressure of 115. Kpa. What should the
volume of the container be increased to in
order to decrease the pressure to 625 torr?
Example 3

• The volume of a gas at 17.5 psi decreases of

1.8 L to 720 mL. What is the new pressure of
the gas in atm?
CHARLES’ LAW

• Charles’ law, or the law of volume, was founded in 1787 by

Jacques Charles. It states that, for a given mass of an ideal gas at
constant pressure, the volume is directly proportional to its
absolute temperature, assuming in a closed system.
• The volume (V) of a given mass of a gas, constant pressure (P),
is directly proportional to its temperature (T).
• V1 = V2

T1 T2
Problem 1

• Given 500.0 mL of a gas at 18.0 `C. What is

its volume at 10.0 `C?
V1 = V2

T1 T2
Problem 2

• A gas occupies 5.00 L at standard

temperature. What is the volume at
333.0 `C?
Problem 3

• What change in volume results if

60.0 mL of gas is cooled from 33.0
`C to 5.00`C?
Problem 4

• Calculate the decrease in

temperature ( in Celsius) when
8.00 L at 25.0 `C is compressed to
4.00 L.
Problem 5

• When the volume of a gas is

changed from ____ mL to 352 mL,
the temperature will change from
315 `C to 452 `C. What is the
starting volume?
GAY-LUSSAC’S LAW

• Gay-lussac’s law, Amontons’ law or the pressure law

was founded by Joseph Louis Gay-lussac in 1808.
• The pressure exerted by a given mass and constant
volume of an ideal gas on the sides of its container is
directly proportional to its absolute temperature.
• P2= P2

T1 T2
EXAMPLE 1

• The pressure of the gas is rigid

container is 125 kpa at 300 K. What will
be the new pressure if the temperature
increase to 900 K?
EXAMPLE 2

• The tire pressure of a car is 29 psi at 25`C.

What will be the new tire pressure when the
temperature of tires increases to 42 `C while
driving on the road?
EXAMPLE 3

• The pressure of a gas decreases from

820mm Hg at 80 `C to a pressure of
95 kpa. What is the new
temperature in Celsius.
AVOGADRO’S LAW

• Avogadro’s law, Avogadro’s hypothesis,

Avogadro’s principle or Avogadro-Ampere’s
hypothesis is an experimental gas law which was
hypothesized by Amedeo Avogadro in 1811. It
related the volume of gas to the amount of
substance of gas present.
STATEMENT

• This statement gives rise to the molar volume of a gas, which at

STP (273.15 K, 1 atm) is about 22.4 L. The relationship is given
by:
V x n, or
V1 = V2
n1 n2
Where n is equal to the number of molecules of gas (or the
number of moles of gas).
PROBLEM 1

• If 2.4 moles of gas occupies a volume of 60 L

at a certain temperature. What volume will
3.7 moles of gas occupy?
Problem 2

• A 250 mL balloon contains 0.35 moles

of N2 gas. If 0.45 moles of N2 was added
to it. What will be the new volume of
the balloon?
Problem 3

• A 85 L flexible container holds 3.4 moles of

gas. How many moles of gas should be
removed to decrease the volume of the
container to 40L?