CLASS - 9

ECONOMICS

CHAPTER – 1
THE STORY OF VILLAGE
PALAMPUR
* AGRICULTURE :- main production activity.
* Palampur connected to a bigger vellage named raiganj about 3 km away and the
nearest small town called shahpur .
* Total families:- 450
No. of families Land distribution
* Distribution of land :-
150 Landless
240 Small farmers(less than 2 hectares)
60 Medium and large farmers (more than 2 hectares of land)
Total 450

* Social composition :- Total families:- 450

80 - Upper caste families , own majority of land and well constructed permanent houses

SC’s(dalits) comprise of of population (approx. 150 families) and are landless laborers.
Live in one corner of village in small houses.
THE SPREAD OF ELECTRICITY HELP FARMING IN PALAMPUR??????
* Electricity power run tubewells used for irrigating crops.
* Used in various types of small business.
* Most of the houses have electricity connections .

# VILLAGE:- 2 primary schools , 1 high school , 1 government primary health centre ,

1 private dispensary

# ORGANISATION OF PRODUCTION :-
* Production is an activity which gives us the goods and services that we want. It requires
four inputs , which are called factors of production .
1- Land and other natural resources like water , minerals , forests etc
2- Labour :- It include people who will to do work .
3- Physical capital :- It includes
(a) fixed capital – tools , machines can be used in production over many years .
(b) working capital – Raw material and money in hand
4- Human capital :- It includes knowledge , skill and experience.
 FARMING
IN
PALAMPUR
DIFFERENT WAYS OF INCREASING PRODUCTION ON THE SAME PIECE OF LAND
(1)
MULTIPLE CROPPING :- grow more than one crop on a piece of land during a year .
Eg:- main crop :- rabi(winter season crops) and kharif(rainy season crop)
* potato – third crop , cultivated in the month of october and december
* sugarcane – its raw form or as jiggery is sold to traders in shahpur.

(2) MODERN FARMING METHODS :- Production on same field can also be increased .
Eg:- In Palampur farmers adopt HYV seeds to increase production of wheat (1300kg per hectare to 3200 kg per hectare)

(3) WELL DEVELOPED SYSTEM OF IRRIGATION :- Government set up tubewells and private tubewells also set up by big famers to increase irrigation system .
 GREEN
REVOLUTION
GREEN REVOLUTION
It is a new agricultural technology of farming introduced in 1960 in india .
as a result , large production of wheat and rice could be produced by the use
of HYV seeds , fertillisers and pesticides.

MERITS DEMERITS
• Production of wheat and rice increased by • Loss of soil fertility.
modern farming methods. • Continuous use of ground water for tubewell
• Large production provide more profits to irrigation has reduced the water table.

farmers . • Chemical fertilisers pollute the ground water and

kill bacteria and some other micro organisms which
• Pesticides and insecticides are used to
are helpful for soil .
protect the crops.
• Excessive use of fertilisers make the soil alkaline .
• Reduction in import of food grain .
समृद्धि
• Prosperity ( ) of farmers .
# IS IT IMPORTANT TO INCREASE AREA UNDER IRRIGATION ????
* yes , it is important because:-
*uneven rainfall
* water is very important for crop
* hyv seeds , modern techniques of farming need much water
* multiple cropping can possible with good irrigation
* avoid condition like drought.

# WHY THE WAGES FOR LABOURS ARE LESS THAN MINIMUM

WAGES SET BY GOVERNMENT ?
* tough competition for work
* more labour but less employment
* large land owners want to earn more profit by giving less ways.
* Farmers are unaware about wages set by govt.
 DO YOURSELF………..

# Describe work of farmers with 1 hectare of land ?

# How do the medium and large farmers obtain capital for

farming ? How is it different from small farmers?

# What is the standard and local unit of measuring land ?

# Name the big village which is 3 km from Palampur .

# Name the nearest town from Palampur .

 NON FARMING PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES
* Dairy farming * Bee keeping
* Poultry farming * Pisciculture
* Shopkeeping * Transportation
* Small scale manufacturing

# WHAT CAN BE DONE SO THAT MORE NON FARM PRODUCTION

ACTIVITIES CAN BE STARTED IN VILLAGES ?
* Govt. should provide capital to villagers for starting new
business.
* Bank should be set up to provide loan at low rate of interest.
* Govt, should provide training to the people in various fields.
* People should literate to start a new business.
* Villagers should have markets to sell their goods.
 THANKS
FOR
WATCHING