CLASS – 9

ECONOMICS

CHAPTER – 2
PEOPLE AS RESOURCE
# MEANING OF PEOPLE AS A RESOURCE :- It refers to the
working people of country with regard to their productive skills and
abilities
* population is an asset for the economy rather than a liability .

#HUMAN RESOURCE IS DIFFERENT FROM OTHER

RESOURCES LIKE LAND AND PHYSICAL CAPITAL . HOW ?
* Only human resource can make the best use of land and capital with
their knowledge and skill.
* Human can increase the production land and capital can’t become
useful on their own .

# DO YOUSELF ----
* WHAT IS THE ROLE OF HEALTH AND EDUCATION IN
HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION ?
# ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES :- Activities which add to the national income are called economic activities or market activities .
They are classified into three sectors:-

(1) PRIMARY SECTOR :- All activities which harvest or extract natural products . It includes agriculture , forestry , fishing , farming , mining etc.

(2) SECONDARY SECTOR :- All manufacturing processes and construction activities are included in the secondary sector .

(3) TERTIARY SECTOR :- All activities which support the primary and secondary sector are classified in this category . It include trade , transport , tourism , communication , banking , education , health etc.
NON MARKET ACTIVITY :- An activity undertaken to satisfy personal , familiar , social or religious obligation and involving no
renumeration .
eg :- housewives doing domestic work

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# DO YOURSELF :-

* India is the country with seond largest population in the world . Is it an assets or liability ? Give your point of view .
* In which field , do you think India can build the maximum employment opportunity?
* Write some measures in educational system to mitigate the problem of educated unemployment ?
* Which capital would you consider the best – land , labour , human capital and physical capital ? Why ?
Literacy rate in india:- this is the percentage of people above the
age of 7 yrs with the ability to read and write with understanding .

Source :- Economic survey 2012

75 75

68
65 65
60
55
52 52
47
43
41 40
35
29 28 29
24
20
17

10

1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2004

PERSON MALE FEMALE

# NAVODAYA VIDHALAYAS :-
* Govt. Set up these for talented children in
rural areas .
* It initiated the “sarva shiksha abhiyan ”, which
is a significant step forward in universalisation
of elementary education (upto class 8) for
children in the age group of 6-14 yrs.
* Mid day meal scheme has been
introduced to improve the
student’s attendance in school .
# GOVT. STEPS TO PROVIDE EDUCATION TO ALL

(1) SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN :-

* Significant step to provide elementary education .
* provide to all children in the age group of 6-14 yrs.
* It was started by central govt. , In partnership with states , the local govt. and the community.
* Bridge courses and back to school camps have been initiated to increase the enrollment in elementary education .
* improve the students nutritional status.
* Mid day meal scheme has implemented to encourage attendance .
(2) RIGHT TO EDUCATION ACT :-
* Came in force on 1st april, 2010.
* Some educationists and policymakers believe that , with the passing of this act , sarva shiksha abhiyan has acquired the necessary legal force for its implementation .

(3) MID DAY MEAL :-

* implemented to encourage attendance and retention of children and improve their nutritional status .
NUMBER OF INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER
EDUCATION AND FACULTY
YEAR NUMBER OF NUMBER OF STUDENTS TEACHERS
COLLEGES UNIVERSITIES

1950-51 750 30 263000 24000

1990-91 7346 177 4925000 272000

1996-97 9703 214 6755000 321000

1998-99 11089 238 7417000 342000

2007-08 18064 378 1400000 492000

2011-12 31324 611 - -

 UNEMPLOYMENT :-
It exists when people who are willing to work at the going wages cannot find jobs . the
workforce includes people from the age of 15 to 59 yrs.
NATURE OF UNEMPLOYMENT IN
INDIA RURAL AREAS
• Seasonal :- happens when people are not able to find
jobs during some months of the yr. Eg :- people
dependent upon agriculture .
• Disguised :- when more people are engaged in an activity
than the number of persons required for it .

URBAN AREAS
• Mostly educated unemployment :- many youths with
graduation , post graduation etc are not able to find jobs .
 Effects of unemployment
* it leads to the wastage of manpower resource.
* Feeling of hopeless and despair occurs among the youth .
* people do not have enough money to support their family .
* inability od educated people who are willing to work to find gainful employment implies
a great social wastage.
* Dependence of unemployed on working population increases .
* It tends to increase economic overload.
* quality of life and society is adversely affected .
* general decline in health status
* rising withdrawal from the school system .
 # Do yourself
* “Japan has scarcity of natural resources yet it is a develop and rich country . why ?”

* which state in india has highest literacy

rate in india ? ( ans :- kerala)

* why are rural women employed at very low

wages ?

* Begging is which category of activity ?

 THANKS
FOR
WATCHING