Rizal's Life and Works

Rizal’s Life and Works
Course Details
As mandated by Republic Act 1425, this
course covers the life and works of the
country's national hero, José Rizal. Among
the topics covered are Rizal's biography and
his writings, particularly the novels Noli me
Tangere and El Filibusterismo, some of his
essays, and various correspondences.
Biography
Name:
Biography
Name: José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda
Biography
Birthdate:
Biography
Birthdate: June 19, 1861
Biography
Birthplace:
Biography
Birthplace: Calamba, Laguna, Philippines
Biography
Died:
Biography
Died: December 30, 1896
Biography
Notable Works:
Biography
Notable Works: Noli Me Tangere (The Social Cancer)

Biography
Notable Works: Noli Me Tangere (The Social Cancer)

El Filibusterismo ( The Reign of Greed)
Noli me Tangere
In 1887 Rizal published his
first novel, Noli me Tangere (The
Social Cancer), a passionate exposure
of the evils of Spanish rule in
the Philippines.
Noli me Tangere
Rizal explains that there was once a type
of cancer so terrible that the sufferer could not bear
to be touched, and the disease was thus called noli
me tangere (“DO NOT TOUCH ME”). He
believed that his homeland was similarly afflicted.
The novel offers both a panoramic view of every
level of society in the Philippines of the time and
droll harm.
El Filibusterismo
A sequel, El filibusterismo (1891; The
Reign of Greed), established his
reputation as the leading spokesman
of the Philippine reform movement.
El Filibusterismo
Rizal returned to the Philippines in 1892. He
founded a nonviolent-reform society, the Liga
Filipina, in Manila, and was deported to Dapitan in
northwest Mindanao. He remained in exile for the
next four years.
El Filibusterismo
In 1896 the Katipunan, a Filipino nationalist secret society,
revolted against Spain. Although he had no connections with
that organization and he had had no part in the insurrection,
Rizal was arrested and tried for sedition by the military.
Found guilty, he was publicly executed by a firing squad in
Manila. His martyrdom convinced Filipinos that there was
no alternative to independence from Spain. On the eve of his
execution, while confined in Fort Santiago, Rizal wrote
“Último adiós” (“Last Farewell”), a masterpiece of 19th-
century Spanish verse.
The Mercado - Rizal Family
The Rizals is considered one of the biggest
families during their time. Domingo Lam-co, the
family's paternal ascendant was a full-blooded
Chinese who came to the Philippines from Amoy,
China in the closing years of the 17th century and
married a Chinese half-breed by the name of Ines
de la Rosa.
Mercado-Rizal family had also traces of Japanese,
Spanish, Malay and Even Negrito blood aside from
Chinese.
Jose Rizal came from a 13-member family
consisting of his parents, Francisco Mercado II and
Teodora Alonso Realonda, and nine sisters and one
brother.
FRANCISCO MERCADO (1818-1898)
Father of Jose Rizal who was the youngest of 13

offsprings of Juan and Cirila Mercado. Born in
Biñan, Laguna on April 18, 1818; studied in San
Jose College, Manila; and died in Manila.
TEODORA ALONSO (1827-1913)
Mother of Jose Rizal who was the second child of

Lorenzo Alonso and Brijida de Quintos. She studied at
the Colegio de Santa Rosa. She was a business-minded
woman, courteous, religious, hard-working and well-
read. She was born in Santa Cruz, Manila on November
14, 1827 and died in 1913 in Manila.
SATURNINA RIZAL (1850-1913)
Eldest child of the Rizal-Alonzo marriage. Married

Manuel Timoteo Hidalgo of Tanauan, Batangas.
PACIANO RIZAL (1851-1930)
Only brother of Jose Rizal and the second child.

Studied at San Jose College in Manila; became a
farmer and later a general of the Philippine
Revolution.
NARCISA RIZAL (1852-1939)
The third child. married Antonio Lopez at Morong,

Rizal; a teacher and musician.
OLYMPIA RIZAL (1855-1887)
The fourth child. Married Silvestre Ubaldo; died in

1887 from childbirth.
LUCIA RIZAL (1857-1919)
The fifth child. Married Matriano Herbosa.

MARIA RIZAL (1859-1945)
The sixth child. Married Daniel Faustino Cruz of

Biñan, Laguna.
JOSE RIZAL (1861-1896)
The second son and the seventh child. He was executed

by the Spaniards on December 30,1896.
CONCEPCION RIZAL (1862-1865)
The eight child. Died at the age of three.

JOSEFA RIZAL (1865-1945)
The nineth child. An epileptic, died a spinster.

TRINIDAD RIZAL (1868-1951)
The tenth child. Died a spinster and the last of the

family to die.

Rizal's Life and Works

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Rizal’s Life and Works

Notable Works: Noli Me Tangere (The Social Cancer)

Notable Works: Noli Me Tangere (The Social Cancer)

Father of Jose Rizal who was the youngest of 13

Mother of Jose Rizal who was the second child of

Eldest child of the Rizal-Alonzo marriage. Married

Only brother of Jose Rizal and the second child.

The third child. married Antonio Lopez at Morong,

The fourth child. Married Silvestre Ubaldo; died in

The fifth child. Married Matriano Herbosa.

The sixth child. Married Daniel Faustino Cruz of

The second son and the seventh child. He was executed

The eight child. Died at the age of three.

The nineth child. An epileptic, died a spinster.

The tenth child. Died a spinster and the last of the

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