Modeling & Simulation

System Concepts

1
System Concepts

• System: An organized
entity made up of
interrelated and
interdependent parts.
• Boundaries: Barriers that
define a system and
distinguish it from other
systems in the
environment.

2
System Concepts

• Homeostasis: The
tendency of a system to
be resilient towards
external factors and
maintain its key
characteristics.
• Adaptation: The tendency
of a self-adapting system
to make the internal
changes needed to
protect itself and keep
fulfilling its purpose.

3
System Concepts

• Reciprocal Transactions:
Circular interactions that
systems engage in such
that they influence one
another.

4
System Concepts

• Feedback Loop: The

process by which systems
self-correct based on
reactions from other
systems in the
environment.
• Throughput: Rate of
energy transfer between
the system and its
environment during the
time it is functioning.

5
System Concepts

• Microsystem: The system

closest to the client.
• Mesosystem:
Relationships among the
systems in an
environment.
• Exosystem: A relationship
between two systems that
has an indirect effect on a
third system.

6
System Concepts

• Macrosystem: A larger
system that influences
clients, such as policies,
administration of
entitlement programs,
and culture.
• Chronosystem: A system
composed of significant
life events that can affect
adaptation.

7
Summary

Here, we have examined

various concepts related to
systems