Community Organization

Models and Approaches

Models of Community Organisation

What is Model?
 It is a medium through which a person looks at the complex
realities.
 Models serve as a reference for the work.
 Describes strategies for accomplishing a vision.

Rothman has given three models of CO:

 Locality Development Model
 Social Planning Model
 Social Action Model
Locality Development Model

Goal Category:
 Self Help
 Community Integration.
 Enhance community capacity to solve problems.

Assumptions:
 Community lack viable relationships.
 Lack of problem solving capacity.
 Traditional static community.

Basic Change Strategy:

 Broad based community participation in determining and
problem solving.
Locality Development Model - cont.

Change Tactics and Techniques:

 Consensus
 Communication
 Group Discussion

Practitioner Roles of Social Worker:

 Enabler
 Coordinator
 Catalyst
 Problem solver
Social Planning Model

Goal Category:
 Problem solving with regard to substantive community
problems.
Assumptions:
 Substantive social problems in employment, housing, health
etc.
Basic Change Strategy:
 Fact gathering about problems.
Change Tactics and Techniques:
 Consensus or conflict
Practitioner Roles of Social Worker:
 Fact-finder and analyst,
 Program implementers,
 Facilitator
Social Action Model

Goal Category:
 Shifting of power and resources
 Basic institutional change

Assumptions:
 Disadvantaged population
 Social injustice
 Deprivation
 Inequity

Basic Change Strategy:

 Crystallization of issues and organization of people to take
action against enemy targets.
Social Action Model - cont.

Change Tactics and Techniques:

 Conflict or Contest
 Confrontation
 Direct Action
 Negotiation

Practitioner Roles of Social Worker:

 Activist-Advocate
 Broker
Approaches in Community Organisation

 Neighborhood Development Approach

 System Change Approach
 Structural Change Approach
Neighborhood Development Approach

Oldest Model in Community Organization which is mainly

practiced in India and other underdeveloped countries for
sensitize communities and making them self-reliant, based on
value of self- sustenance.
Tasks:
 Identifying the geographical area for your intervention
 Making our way to the community
 Understand the community and identify the felt needs.
 Making an appropriate program.
 Planning for resource mobilization.
 Developing a strong net-work in the community.
 Planning for withdrawal from the community
System Change Approach

It restructure or modify the system while believing that major

social services are rooted in various systems and sometimes
system becomes dysfunctional.
Tasks:
 Understanding of deficiencies.
 Communicating findings.
 Making strategies to influence the decision making.
 Mobilizing peoples’ participation.
 Alliances and partnerships.
Structural Change Approach

A rare practiced model of Community Work which believes

that society consists of systems. This approach can also be
linked to the Political Ideology.
Tasks:
 Understanding macro- and micro social realities.
 An alternative political ideology.
 Helping the communities to identify a
 course of action
Thank you…