DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name of the Staff Member :P. MADHAVI
Designation :Lecturer
Branch :DCCP
Institute :Govt. Polytechnic, NELLORE
Year/Semester :III Semester
Subject :Quantitative Techniques-I
Sub. Code :CCP-303
Topic :Tabulation and Frequency
distribution, Graphical
representation of data
Duration :50 Mts.
Sub Topic : Need for Classification of data
Teaching Aids :Animations
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Objectives :
On completion of this period, you would be
able to:

 Understand the need for classification of data

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Classification :

 It means grouping of data into homogeneous class

and categories

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Definition :

 “ Classification is the process of arranging data

into sequences and groups according to their
common characteristics, or separating them into
different but related parts”

……. Secrist

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Classification – need/objectives :

1) Presentation of complex data in simple from

2) Organize data for better understanding

3) Bring out the relationships between variables

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Classification – need/objective contd:

4) Filter unnecessary details from large data

and do tabulation

5) Identity similarities and differences

6) Makes comparative study

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Rules for classification :
 Classification must be exhaustive

 Mutually exclusive

 Serve objective of enquiry

 Stable mode

 Each class has homogeneous items

 Be flexible

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TYPES OF CLASSIFCATION

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Data classification - Basis :
 Geographical Classification

 Chronological Classification

 Qualitative Classification

 Quantitative Classification

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1) Geographical Classification:

 Based on geographical regions

 If political boundaries are taken as basis, it is

done by States, districts, taluks etc

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 Example1
The following the statement showing the rate of
cement per bag(50 Kgs.) in different cities of Andhra
Pradesh

Table No.1 (In Rupees)

Sl. City X Y Z A
No
1. Vizayanagaram 180 220 190 200
2. Vijayawada 200 210 200 205
3. Hyderabad 190 200 210 220

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2) Chronological Classification:
 If time of happening (occurrence) is the
basis, it is called “chronological
classification”

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Example2
Following data is relating to a Company from 2000 to
2004

Table No.2 (Sales in 1000s)

Year Q1 Q2 Q3

2000 15 18 20

2001 21 24 27

2002 20 22 24

2003 21 25 27

2004 25 27 30

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3) Qualitative Classification:
 This is done by character or attribute of
subject-matter

Eg: Classification by literacy, sex, religion,

marital status, etc. comes under this.

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Example 3

GRADES OF THE CANDIDATES

Table No.3

GRADE BOYS GIRLS

X 100 A+
Y 98 A+
Z 70 C
P 80 B
Q 90 A
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4) Quantitative Classification:
 This classification is based on the
magnitude of the variables

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Summary
Classification aims at simple presentation of
complex data it is divided into
1. Geographical
2. Chronological
3. Qualitative
4. Quantitative

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Would you like to raise
any doubts …

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Quiz
1. Classification is the process of
arranging data in :

(b) Different rows

(c) Different columns
(d) Different classes
(e) Different homogeneous groups

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2. Classification according the age is :

(b) Geographical Classification

(c) Chronological Classification
(d) Qualitative Classification
(e) Quantitative Classification

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Frequently Asked Question
 What are the objectives of Classification?

 List the types of Classification.

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