DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : P. MADHAVI
Designation : Lecturer
Branch : CCP
Institute : Govt. Polytechnic, NELLORE
Year/Semester : III Semester
Subject : Quantitative Techniques-I
Sub. Code : CCP-303
Topic : Understand Measures of Central Tendency
Duration : 50 Mts.
Sub Topic : Various Measures of Central Tendency
Teaching Aids : Animations
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Objectives :

On completion of this period, you would be

able to:

 Various Measures of Central Tendency

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Known to Unknown

What is a frequency distribution?

 A Classification showing different values of a

variate and the corresponding frequency is
‘Frequency Distribution’

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Known to Unknown Contd

Have you ever seen the hub of wheel?

 A hub lies in the centre of a wheel and support all

its spokes

 A central value is like a hub representing all other

values in the data

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Measures of Central Tendency:

Definition:

“A measure of Central Tendency is a typical value

around which other figures congregate.”

….. Simpson

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Measures of Central Tendency:

Meaning:

“It is a single value that describes the characteristics

of the entire data”

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Measures of Central Tendency - Types :

 Mathematical Measures
 Positional Measures

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Mathematical Measures:

 Arithmetic Mean

 Geometric Mean

 Harmonic Mean

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Arithmetic Mean:

Measured in two ways

II. (Simple) Arithmetic Mean

III. Weighted Arithmetic Mean

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Arithmetic Mean (AM):

 The Arithmetic Average or Mean is obtained by

dividing sum of the values of all observations in a
series by the number of items

 Mean is the most stable measure of Central

Tendency

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Weighted Arithmetic Mean:

 Relative importance is given by weights to variable

values in Weighted Arithmetic Mean

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Geometric Mean: (G.M)
 Geometric Mean is the ‘nth’ root of the product of ‘n’
items in a given series

 Obtained by multiplying values of items together

and taking its root corresponding to number of
items

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 Harmonic Mean: (H.M. )

 Harmonic Mean of a given series is the reciprocal of

the arithmetic average of reciprocals of values of its
various items

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Positional Measures:

 Median

 Mode

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Median: (M)

 Median is a value which divides the series into

two equal parts

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Mode: (Z)

 Mode is “the value that occurs most frequently in

a statistical distribution”

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Summary
Measures of Central tendency is a single value
that represents a group of values
The various measures of central tendency are
iii)Arithmetic Mean
a) Simple Arithmetic Mean
b) Weighted Arithmetic Mean
ii) Median
iii) Mode
iv) Geometric Mean
V) Harmonic Mean CCP303.14 17
Quiz
1. The most stable measure of central
tendency is:
(a) Mean

(b) Median

(c) Mode

(d) None of these

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2. Median and Mode are called……averages.
(a) Mathematical

(b) Simple

(c) Positional

(d) None of the above

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Frequently Asked Questions

1. List out various measures of Central

Tendency.

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Assignment

1. Write the different types of averages.

2. What is an average?

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