• Presentation tittle : Bacteria use as a biological control

• Submitted to: Dr Muhammad Shahid Nisar

• Submitted by : muhammd Talha

• Reg. No. 2020gu 2560

• Course tittle: Insect pathology

• Ghazi university Dera Ghazi Khan

• Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) is a natural spore-forming bacterium that
occurs in soils everywhere. When larvae ingest B.t., it destroys the
lining in their gut, and they stop feeding and die within days.
• First isolated in Japan in 1901, B.t. was then recorded in a
scientific description in 1911, by a researcher in Germany’s
Thuringia region (giving it the scientific name thuringiensis).
• By the 1950s, B.t. had been registered for agricultural use in
the United States, but it had not yet been tested for forestry
use.
• Bacillus thuringiensis is a bacterium and is a biocontrol agent
against cotton bollworm insects. They produce a toxin that specifically
kill the insect larvae when the toxin is released in their gut.
• Role
• Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) bacteria synthesize different insecticidal
proteins named Cry, Vip, and Cyt that are able to kill different insect
orders, or nematodes. These proteins have been extensively used in
insect control practices in agriculture as sprays or expressed in
genetically modified plants..
• BT toxin helpful in controlling insect pest
• Susceptible insects must ingest Bt toxin crystals in order to be affected. In
contrast to poisonous insecticides that target the nervous system, Bt acts by
producing a protein that blocks the digestive system of the insect, effectively
starving it.

• from Bacillus spp. exhibit strong antagonism against root-knot

nematode (Saxena et al. 2000, Ann 2013). Killani et al. (2011) revealed that,
the production of five types of antimicrobial compounds such as bacitracin,
bacillin, subtillin, subtenolin and bacilonycin from B. subtilis are responsible
for antimicrobial activity