Exploring the Challenges Encountered by

Commuters of Grade 11 Students at Peñablanca

National High School
RESEARCHERS:
Marife Baccay
Meah Macanas
Gelaine Taguinod
Arwen Pagalilauan
Camille Turingan
Jayvee Mendoza
Mike Apostol
Vincent Dannug
 Introduction
There's a lot of students who are still commuting now
a days due to some reasons and they encountered a lot
of challenges while commuting, like stress, time
consuming, and many more. That make them for
being exhausted because of the long travel.

1
 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1. What are the challenges encountered by the students?

2. How do they cope with the challenges?

3. How do these challenges affect their

academic performance?
2
 Scope of Delimitation
Locale of the study
This study focuses on the challenges encountered by the
commuter students.
Those who are involved in our study are those Grade11
students that studying at Peñablanca National High School.

3
 Conceptual framework
Input Process Output

Exploring the challenges Gathering data through Gathered data that

encountered by commuters interviews, via explains the
of Grade 11 students messenger, and audio challenges
at Peñablanca National recording from
High School.
encountered by the
selected participants
commuter student and
who are experiencing
their coping
challenges in
commuters. strategies.

5
 REVIEW AND RELATED LITERATURE AND
STUDIES
Foreign
John J. Newbold's 2015 study builds on previous research by analyzing the time management skills, stress
factors, and coping mechanisms of commuter and resident students. It also explores the challenges of commuting
between work, social obligations, and family responsibilities while pursuing higher education, highlighting potential
negative outcomes. Understanding the balance between work, life, and study is crucial for engaging commuter
students., Chris Michael Kirk and Rhonda K. Lewis, in the same year, highlight how many young adults are
delaying traditional adult milestones by furthering their education, with an increasing number residing off-campus.
They suggest that such students may struggle with academic persistence and well-being due to difficulties in
forming relationships and accessing campus services, emphasizing the importance of collegiate sense of community
in predicting student success and well-being.

5
 Giacolone, Michael D. 2022 discusses the challenges faced by commuter students, particularly in relation
to their experiences within sororities and fraternities, which remains largely unexplored. He aims to
investigate these challenges, the coping strategies employed by participants, and the impact of policies and
practices on their experiences. His findings

reveal that these participants encountered typical commuting challenges, utilized various strategies to address
them, and were influenced by both chapter and national organization policies and practices in addition to
campus-level factors.In a separate study by Dawood Jamil, Mohammed Rayyan Ahmed Khalifa (2022), they
concluded that students with longer commutes face notable physical challenges, heightened stress levels, and
an increased accident risk. Additionally, longer commute times were linked to more frequent sleep disruptions
compared to students with shorter commutes. The study also found a negative impact on academic
performance, with longer commutes associated with decreased academic achievements and reduced study
time.

6
 Haley M Hayden conducted research at the University of Pittsburgh at Greensburg in 2024, which revealed that
commuter students form the largest portion of the student body. The majority of these students expressed dissatisfaction
with the availability of co-curricular and social activities, leading to a reduced sense of belonging. Hayden's study
recommended engaging commuter students between 8:00 am to 6:00 pm with enhanced events featuring incentives like
food or giveaways. Additionally, the implementation of a common hour was suggested to improve student engagement
and inclusivity. With the same study with, R Leigh Hoffman in 2024 from the University of Pittsburgh highlighted that
commuter students at universities are generally less involved in extracurricular activities and campus events compared to
residential students.
This lower engagement level outside the classroom can contribute to reduced persistence and retention rates among
commuter students. Thobeka KT Ngcamphalala and Intaher Marcus Ambe (2024) state that, similar to many developing
nations, South Africa views and employs procurement as a strategic tool to advance socioeconomic development, among
other goals, including the encouragement of competition. These contracts, which have their roots in the 1940s, are
subsidized by the government in an effort to lessen the financial load on African American communities of color. Since its
founding, nevertheless, a number of obstacles have made it more difficult to effectively acquire these services, which has
an impact on how well they are provided. They brought attention to the difficulties Gauteng Province was having
obtaining subsidized commuter services.

9
 Local
Gaby Agbulos, in 2023, discussed the significant commuter challenges that students in Metro Manila
encounter daily. These challenges include unpredictable traffic, high transportation costs, long queues at
transit stops, and a lack of sufficient public transport options. Many students resort to using jeepneys and
walking due to budget constraints, which makes it hard to afford more comfortable rides like airconditioned
vans or Grab services. Walking in Manila's hot and treeless streets is tough, especially with unwelcome
experiences like catcalling. Rush hours worsen the struggle, particularly for the return trip after classes,
leading to wasted time at crowded stops and uncertainty about getting a ride. This complex commuting
situation leaves students exhausted, physically strained, and struggling to navigate the transportation system
efficiently. Another study by Renee Isabella Aguila's 2023 also highlighted the challenges faced by student
commuters, including the need to wake up very early to reach classes on time, navigating crowded trains
during peak hours, carrying coins for commuting expenses, and enduring cramped conditions similar to
sardines in trains during rush hours. These challenges underscore the physical and mental toll of commuting
for students in Metro Manila.

7
 Amy M. Barnhart's 2023 study focuses on the lower persistence rates of commuter students
compared to their residential counterparts. The study found that commuter students' sense of
belonging is dynamic, constantly changing as they engage with campus life. Moreover, the study
identified specific strategies and behaviors used by commuter students to address their sense of
belonging and actively re-engage with the campus community. Additionally, are the informal
interactions with peers, faculty, and staff were found to positively influence commuter students'
sense of belonging. On the other hand, in Isabel Hallam's 2023 study, she discusses how
commuter students, who are a minority in predominantly residential universities, often
experience poorer outcomes compared to residential peers. Hallam's research indicates that
commuter students identify several factors affecting their persistence and success, such as long
commute times, challenges with social integration, and a weak sense of belonging.

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 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter includes the presentation of methods, processes, procedures
that have been used I this study, data gathering procedure, data will be
collected through messenger and audio recording.In addition,a focus group
discussion is with Grade 11 students. The purpose of this study is to explore
the specific challenges that Grade 11 students encounter in balancing their
academic performance and time management while commuting to school.

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 RESEARCH METHOD
This study utilizes the Qualitative Method in order to
obtain data and information.

Qualitative research is research that involves analyzing and interpreting text and interviews
and observations and order to discover meaningful patterns descriptive of a particular
phenomenon. It can help researchers access the thoughts and feelings of research participants,
which enable development of an understanding of the meaning that people ascribe to their
experiences. (Sutton,2015).

Since the types of research assigned to grade 11 students in Practical Research 1 utilizes the
Qualitative Method, the researcher convened.

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 RESEARCH DESIGN
In conducting this research, researchers found phenomenology as the most
suitable research design among the other types of qualitative research.

This research design focuses on the study of individuals lived experiences

within the community.

Since the research title focuses on the challenges encountered by the commuter
students, the researchers will look into the struggles that affecting the daily life of
the student commuters, this is the reason why the research design is
phenomenology.
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 SAMPLING RESEARCH
In this study, sampling method used in a non-probability sampling, specifically the quota
Sampling.
Quota sampling is a non-probability sampling method that relies on the non-random selection
of a predetermined number or proportion of units. This is called a quota. According by
Kassiani Nikolopoulou.(2022)

Quota sampling could be suitable for our research about the challenges encountered by
commuter students because it allows for ensuring representation of specific characteristics
relevant to the study, such as demographics, academic levels, transportation modes, etc. this
method ensures that the sample captures the diversity of experiences among commuter
students, which is crucial for understanding the various challenges they face.

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 DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

The first step for the researchers is to formulate questions

based on the study and the statement of the problem.
Furthermore, the interview will be expected to consist of
questions that revolves around the student's preferences,
for the researchers to assess and answer the questions
concerned in this study.

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 Analysis of Data
By utilizing research tools and methods to collect data from
participants, we can analyze these responses by describing
and summarizing the information gathered. Through this
process, researchers can then draw conclusions based on the
results of the collected data.
THANK YOU