ORAL LORE

FROM PRE-
COLONIAL PERIOD
 WHAT IS LORE?
Oral lore or “oral tradition” is a
form of human communication
wherein knowledge. Art, ideas and
cultural material is received,
preserved and transmitted orally from
one generation to another.
 WHAT IS LORE?
the transmission is through speech or
song or may include folktales, ballads,
chants, prose or verses. In this way it is
possible for a society to transmit oral
history, oral literature, oral law and other
oral knowledge across generation without a
writing system.
 ALIBATA
Indigenous Philippine literature
was based on TRADITIONS
AND COSTUMS of a particular
area of the country.
PRE-COLONIAL LITERATURE

FIVE
CHARACTERISTICS
1. Practices the art of
“storytelling called oral
tradition.”
 CHARACTERISTICS
2. Common themes of the Philippine literature
are:
• Nature = natural phenomena
• Supernatural events = were made because
of 2 reasons
• a.to protect the children from wandering off
in the woods.
• To protect nature from disastrous acts of
 COMMON THEME:
• Bravery of heroes = human
being with superpowers.
• Customs and ideologies =
mainly mirrors the life style and
traditions of the Filipino before.
 CHARACTERISTICS
3. Philippine pre-colonial literature
was considered their truth.
= there was no scientific basis yet to
explain the events that are happening
around, so in order to make sense of the
senseless, our ancestors created stories to
explain there so-called truth.
 CHARACTERISTICS
4. Philippine pre-colonial
stories have plots that are
generally shorter.
=the characters in the stories
tend to have outstanding
 CHARACTERISTICS

5. Language is full of melody

and rhythm.
PRE-COLONIAL LITERATURE
Ancient literatures
were written in
Perishable material like
dry leaves, bamboo
cylinder and bark of
 LITERATURE
A. RIDDLES (BUGTONG)
B. POEM/ TANAGA
B. FOLK SONGS
C. PROVERBS (SALAWIKAIN)
D. POEMS OR TANAGA
E.EPIC
F. MYTHS
 RIDDLES
• Made up of one or more
measured lines with rhymes
and may consist of 4-12
syllable.
• Showcase the Filipino wit,
literary talent and keen
 EXAMPLE
1. Nagtago si Pedro nakalabas ang
ulo.
S

2. 2. hindi pari, hindi hari, ngunit

nagdadamit ng sari-sari.
3. 3. buhok ni Adan, hindi mabilang
 POEMS / TANAGA
1. = These are common types of poetry
that is consist of 1 quatrain (4 lines)
with 7 syllables with the same rhyme
S

at the end of each line.

2. = AABB
 EXAMPLE

Ang pusong malimutin - 7

Sana ay baligtarin - 7
S

At hindi naaalis - 7
1. Ang ngiti mong matamis - 7
 PROVERBS (SALAWIKAIN)
 = It is a simple and concrete saying,
popularly known and repeated, that
S

expresses a truth based on common

sense or experience. They are often
metaphorical.
 CHANTS
 = known as “bulong”
 =witchcraft or enchantment
Example: S

 = “ikaw ang magnanakaw ng bigas ko,

lumuwa sana ang mata mo”
 FOLK SONGS
 =A form of folk lyric which expresses the
people’s hopes, aspirations and lifestyle.
 =Repetitive and sonorous, didactic and naïve.
S
 =Traditional songs and melodies.
 =Inspired by the reaction of the people to their
environment.
 EXAMPLES
 UYAYI – LULLABY
 KUMINTANG – WAR SONG
 KUNDIMAN – MELANCHOLIC LOVE
SONG S

 SUBLI – DANCE RITUAL SONG OF

COURTSHIP/ MARRIAGE
 TAGULAYLAY- SONGS OF THE DEAD
 EXAMPLES
 HARANA – serenade
 TAGAY – drinking song
 MAMBAYU – kalinga rice-pounding song
S
UYAYI

S
HARANA

S
FOLK SONGS

S
 PROVERBS (SALAWIKAIN)
 = these have been customarily used
and served as laws or rules on good
S
behavior by our ancestors. To others,
these are like allegories or parables
that impart lesson for the young ones.
 EPIC
o A long poem, typically one
derived from ancient oral
tradition, narrating the deeds and
S

adventures of heroic or
legendary figures or the history
of a nation.
 EPIC

o Portraying heroic deeds and

adventures or covering an
S

extended period of time.

 EXAMPLE
o BIAG NI LAM-ANG (Ilocano)
= narrates the adventures of the
prodigious epic hero, Lam-ang
S

who exhibits extraordinary

powers at an early age.
THE AGYU OR ALAHING (Manobo)
= is a three part epic that start with
pahmara (invocation) then kepu’unpuun
(a narration of the past) and the
segendurog (an episode complete itself).
S

All three parts narrate the exploits of the

hero as he leads his people who have
been driven out of their land.
 SANDAYO OF THE SUBANON
= tells the story of the hero with the
same name who is born through
extraordinary circumtances as he fell
S

out of the hair of his mother while

she was combing it on the ninth
stroke.
 ALIGUYON OR THE HUDHOD
(Ifugao)
= tells the adventures of Aliguyon as he
battles his arch enemy, Pumbakhayon
among rice fields and terraces and
S

instructs his people to be steadfast and

learn the wisdom of warfare and
peacemaking during the harvest season.
 Other epics
a. Bidasari – Moro epic
b. Maragtas – Visayan epic
c. Haraya – Visayan epic
d. Lagda – visayan
S epic
e. Kumintang – Tagalog epic
f. Indarapatra at sulayman
g. Tatuaang – Bagobo epic
 5. MYTH

= it is narrative that describes and

portrays in symbolic language, the
origin of the basic elements and
Sis

assumptions of a culture.
 5. MYTH
= mythic narrative relates for example,
how the world began, how humans and
inanimate are created, and how certain
S

customs gestures, or forms of human

activities originated.
 MYTH from different regions
1. Gods and Goddesses (Ilocos)
2. Why there is a High Tide during the Full
Moon (Ibanag)
3. Why Dead Come BackS no more (Ifugao)
4. Mag-asawang Tubig (Tagalog)
5. How the Moon and the Stars Came to be
(Bukidnon-Mindanao)
 LEGENDS
= Traditional narratives or collection of
related narratives, popularly historically
factual but actually a mixture of fact or
fiction. The medieval Latin word “legenda”
S
means “things for reading”. A legend is a set
of a specific place at a specific time; the
subject is often a heroic historical
personage.
 LEGENDS
= a legend is differ from a myth by
portraying human hero rather than one who
is god. Legends originally oral, have been
developed into literary masterpieces.
S

= legends are stories of real people who are

famous for something brave or
extraordinary.
 EXAMPLES

1. The legend of the sleeping beauty

( kalinga)
2. Legend of the Dama de Noche
S

3. Legend of the Banana Plant

4. Legend of the Firelyfly
 GROUP ACTIVITY

THE CLASS WILL BE DIVIDED INTO

FOUR. EACH GROUP WILL BE
GIVEN A TASK BASED ON THE
S
DISCUSSION.
 GROUP ACTIVITY

GROUP 1
= CREATE A CHANT (BULONG) AND
PRESENT IT TO CLASS TROUGH A
S

ROLE PLAY
 GROUP ACTIVITY

GROUP 2
= CREATE 5 RIDDLES AND LET THE
MEMBER OF OTHER MEMBER OF
S

THE CLASS ANSWER.

 GROUP ACTIVITY

GROUP 3
= MAKE AN ADVERTISEMENT AND
USE A PROVERB (SALAWIKAIN) AS
S

ITS TAGLINE
 GROUP ACTIVITY

GROUP 4
= WRITE 2 KASABIHAN IN A FORM
OF “BANAT” AND PRESENT IT TO
S

CLASS.