HEAT TRANSFER ENHANCEMENT BY

USING TWISTED TAPE IN A HORIZONTAL

TUBE

By-Assad Abbas
-Shams Nihad
Presentation title 2

HEAT EXCHANGER

Introduction -
A head exchanger between a solid and liquid surface
represents a unique type of heat transfer system
where heat is exchanged directly between a solid
material and a liquid medium. This direct interaction
allows for efficient thermal energy transfer without the
use of traditional heat exchanger components like
tubes or plates. This concept finds application in
various industrial processes and systems where direct
contact heat exchange is advantageous.
Presentation title 3

GOALS

Objectcives
• Study and improve the heat transfer
performance in a heat exchanger by inserting a
twisted tape into the exchanger tube
• Discuss the results obtained from each type of
tape used from the initial operation of the
device and compare the results before and
after adding the twisted tape.
Presentation title 4

ABSTRACT

• Adding a twisted strip inside the tube heated to a

certain temperature leads to the occurrence of
eddies and turbulence in the flow of the liquid. This
increased turbulence enhances convective heat
transfer by improving the mixing of the fluid layers
and promoting better contact between the liquid and
the heated wall of the tube.
 The use of twisted tape inserts in horizontal tubes is a
Presentation title 5
common technique to enhance heat transfer in heat
exchangers and other heat transfer equipment. Twisted

TWISTED tapes are helically twisted metal strips or wires that are
inserted into the tube to disrupt the flow of the fluid.

TAPE This disruption promotes turbulence, leading

increased heat transfer rates between the fluid and the
to

tube wall. The twisted tape configuration is known to

improve the thermal performance of the system.

METHODS OF ENHANCING
HEAT TRANSFER
Effects
• Turbulence Promotion: Twisted tapes create swirl and turbulence in the
fluid flow. This increased turbulence enhances the convective heat
transfer by improving the mixing of fluid layers and promoting better
contact between the fluid and the tube wall.
• Increased Heat Transfer Surface Area: The twisted configuration of the
tape increases the effective surface area available for heat transfer. As
the fluid flows over and around the twisted tape, it encounters more
surface area, facilitating greater heat exchange.
• Secondary Flow Creation: The helical shape of the twisted tape
induces a secondary flow in addition to the main flow. This secondary
flow enhances heat transfer by creating additional mixing and promoting
better thermal contact between the fluid and the tube wall.
6
Result
• Improved Heat Transfer Coefficient: The overall effect of increased
turbulence, additional surface area, secondary flow, and boundary layer
disruption leads to an improved heat transfer coefficient. This means that
heat is transferred more efficiently between the fluid and the tube wall.
• Thermal Boundary Layer Disruption: Twisted tapes disrupt the thermal
boundary layer near the tube wall. This disruption reduces the thickness
of the boundary layer, which, in turn, improves the heat transfer efficiency
by reducing the resistance to heat flow.
 Reynolds number (ℛ𝓮)
Re= ​
Presentation title • Altered Flow Regime: Changes in velocity and 7
ρ=is the fluid density,
hydraulic diameter can lead to modifications in the
Reynolds number. Depending on the specific
V=is the fluid velocity
conditions and the degree of turbulence induced by
THEORIES the twisted tape, the flow regime may transition from
laminar to turbulent at a lower Reynolds number than
D= is the hydraulic diameter of the pipe
(for a circular pipe, it is the diameter),
in a plain pipe.
. Reynolds number • Enhanced Heat Transfer: The primary purpose of
μ=is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid
• Nusselt number using twisted tapes is often to enhance heat transfer.
As the twisted tape promotes better mixing and
• Heat Transfer disrupts the thermal boundary layer, it may also
impact the flow dynamics and Reynolds number.

Nusselt number (𝓝𝓤)

• The Nusselt number is a dimensionless Nu=
parameter that represents the ratio of
convective heat transfer to conductive heat ​h=is the convective heat transfer coefficient.
transfer. The use of a twisted tape generally
leads to an increase in the Nusselt number L=is a characteristic length (e.g., the length of
compared to a smooth tube under similar flow a pipe or the distance along the surface).
conditions.
• It's important to note that the effects of a twisted
K=is the thermal conductivity of the fluid .
tape on the Nusselt number depend on various
factors, including the flow conditions, tape
geometry, fluid properties, and the specific
correlation used. Experimental data or validated
correlations based on similar conditions are
often necessary for accurate predictions of the
heat transfer enhancement.
 Heat Transfer (𝓠)
Presentation title In convective heat transfer, the heat transfer rate (Q), 8
can be expressed using the convective heat transfer
equation, which relates the heat transfer rate to the
convective heat transfer coefficient ( ℎ), the surface
THEORIES area (A), and the temperature difference(ΔT) between
the surface and the fluid. The formula for convective
. Reynolds number heat transfer is often written as:

• Nusselt number
• Heat Transfer

Q=h⋅A⋅ΔT
Q is the heat transfer rate,
.
(ℎ)is the convective heat transfer
coefficient,
(A) is the surface area through
which heat is transferred,
ΔT )is the temperature difference
between the surface and the fluid.
Presentation title 9

PRESSURE DROP
Pressure Drop effect:

The introduction of a twisted tape may alter the fluid flow patterns
and increase turbulence, which could lead to changes in pressure
drop across the heat exchanger.
The twisted tape induces swirling motion and enhances mixing,
which can affect the overall flow resistance and result in an increase
in pressure drop compared to a plain tube heat exchanger .
 Presentation title Define Heat Transfer Requirements: Select Twisted Tape: 10
• fluid temperature • Choose a twisted tape design based on the
- inlet fluid (27) desired heat transfer enhancement
-heated pipe temperature (80) characteristics. The tape's dimensions and
• The maximum output current and pitch are critical parameters.
DESIGN voltage of the power supply can
reach 15 A and 260 V while the Tube Dimensions:
& DIMENSIONS maximum heating load can reach • Determine the inner and outer diameters of
3900 W the twisted tube based on the required
surface area and the length of the tubes.
Parameters Values Fluid Properties:
• Pipe dimensions: thickness, internal
• water Properties:
Tube inner mm) 21.8 • At 25°C (77°F): diameter of the pipe, and length
diameter, Di
Thickness of TT mm) 1.0 • Density: 997.05 kg/m³
• Specific Heat Capacity: 4.186 kJ/(kg·K)
• Thermal Conductivity: 0.606 W/(m·K)
Width of TT, Dt 16, 18 and 20m
• Dynamic Viscosity: 8.90 x 10^(-4) Pa·s
• Kinematic Viscosity: 8.94 x 10^(-7) m²/s
Helical pitch of mm) 160, 240 and
TT, W 320

Twisted ratio, Y 4, 6 and 8

Tube length L 1200 mm

Tube thickness 2.5 mm
planning and current projections
Presentation title 11

- entrifugal pump (Kikawa KQ720) SUPPLIES &

-magnetic flowmeter (YOKOGAWA
ADMAG AXF) ranging from 3.0 to DEVICES
10.0 LPM

-Insulation material with thermal conductivity

0.1 Wm K is

-The pressure drop across the test section is

measured by a differ ential pressure
transmitter (YOKOGAWA EJX110A) with the
precision of 1.0 Pa
-A total of nine T-type thermocouples are used
to measure the wall temperature alongside