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RF Amplifier Design-Lesson1
RF Amplifier Design-Lesson1
Lesson 1
A Course Prepared By
Firas Mohammed Ali
IEEE Member
firas@ieee.org
1
Definition of an RF Amplifier
The RF amplifier is a circuit designed to amplify signals at the
RF/Microwave frequencies. The main design parameter of the
RF amplifier is the power gain (Gp).
Frequency Bands
• HF Band (3 MHz – 30 MHz)
• VHF Band (30 MHz - 300 MHz)
• UHF Band (300 MHz - 3 GHz)
• Microwave Frequencies > 1GHz
L-Band 1-2 GHz
S-Band 2-4 GHz
C-Band 4-8 GHz
X-Band 8-12.4 GHz
Ku-Band 12.4-18GHz
K-Band 18-26.5 GHz
Ka-Band 26.5-40 GHz
2
Applications of RF Amplifiers in Some Modern Wireless
Communication Systems
Application Frequency Band
FM Broadcasting 88-108 MHz
Performance Circuit
Bandwidth Signal Level
Construction
High Gain
Narrow Band Small Signal Amplifiers
Amplifiers Amplifiers Microstrip
Broadband Low Noise Lines
Large Signal Amplifiers
Amplifiers
Amplifiers
Lumped
High Power Elements
Amplifiers
4
Block Diagram of the RF Amplifier
6
RF Transistor Modeling
Equivalent
S-Parameters
Circuit
Model
Difficulty of
Ease of Measurements Parameter
Measurements
High Accuracy of Modeling
Lower Accuracy
Useful in Frequency
Domain Simulation Useful in Time
Domain
Simulation
7
Bipolar Transistor Hybrid-π Model
Simplified RF
Small-Signal
Transistor Model
g mo .e j 2f F
gm ( f )
1 jf / f
o .e j 2f F
h fe ( f )
1 jf / f
1 fT
f
2 .r (C C ) o
gm 1
fT
2 .C 2 F
fT = Gain-Bandwidth Product Variation of hfe with frequency
τF = Forward Transit Time (Time Delay) 8
C
Typical RF Transistor
Package
B
E
10
GaAs MESFET RF Small Signal Model
gm
fT
2 (C gs C gd )
g mo .e j 2fT
gm ( f )
1 jf / f c
T: Delay Time
GaAs MESFET
Model with
Parasitic Elements
11
Comparison between BJTs and GaAs
MESFETs
Advantages of GaAs MESFETs over BJTs
• GaAs FETs have better noise performance (Lower Noise Figure)