Aims, objectives and scope of

pediatric
DR. ZOHRA BODELIWALA

dentistry
 Table of contents
INTRODUCTION TO PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

DEFINITION

IMPORTANCE OF PRIMARY DENTITION

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
PEDODONTIC TRIANGLE DENTAL
HOME

FIRST DENTAL VISIT

SCOPE OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

CONCLUSION
 INTRODUCTION TO PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY
WORD PEDODONTICS – DERIVED FROM GREEK
WORD WHERE PEDO IS DERIVED FROM ‘PAIS’ = CHILD
AND DONTICS = STUDY OF TEETH
● HISTORY
• Dentistry has come a long way from being an extraction oriented era to current
comprehensive era with emphasis of diagnosis and treatment planning
• There was a time where clinics displayed “no treatment of children under age of 14 years
at this clinic “
• As years passed times changed to a more preventive approach due to awareness of
importance of primary dentition
• Also with this the schedule for initial appointment time changed from 3 years to recent
knowledge of treatment approach as early as possible or when the 1st tooth erupts for
correct guidance to parents and initial preventive approach to begin if required

TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION

 Worldwide History of Pedodontics
1800 BC - NO CARIES in children's teeth - Ancient Egypt

1563 - 64 Eustachius - showed illustrations of both primary and permanent teeth

1737 - Gerauldy : Theories of tooth eruption and shedding

1763 - Joseph Hurlock: Published book on children’s dentistry

1764 - Robert Bunon: reiterates importance of deciduous dentition. “FATHER OF PEDODONTICS “ 1865 - 1ST

DENTAL CLINIC, STRASBURG GERMANY

1924 - IST TEXTBOOK OF PEDODONTICS WAS WRITTEN

TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION Samuel d harris

1935—Pedodontic course: 6 undergraduates and 8 postgraduate courses
in pedodontics
were started
1940—ASDC: American Academy for Promotion of Dentistry for Children
renamed as the American Society of Dentistry for Children
1947—AAP: American Academy of Pedodontics was founded

TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION

1967—CDH: First International symposium on child dental health conducted by British
Pedodontic Society at the London Hospital Medical College

1969—IADC: International Association of Dentistry for Children was established and

conducted its first Congress in Sienna, Italy

1969—Journal: Concept of an IADC Newsletter and Journal of the International

Association of Dentistry For Children

1984—AAPD: American Academy of Pedodontics was renamed as the American

Academy of Pediatric Dentistry

1993—IAPD: First Congress of International Association of Pediatric Dentistry, Chicago,

USA

TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION

 Evolution of pedodontics in India
1920—Calcutta Dental College and Hospital: 1st Dental College started by Dr
Rafiuddin Ahmed
1920—LDSC: Introduced as a 1-year course “Licentiate in Dental Science”
1926—Changed into 2-year course
1935—BDS: Licentiate in Dental Science becomes Bachelor in Dental
Surgery—4-year course
1950—Pedodontics is introduced: Government Dental College, Amritsar
starts pedodontics as a specialty not as an independent specialty (one or
two questions in operative dentistry) later—section “B” in orthodonticsDr R
Ahmed for Children) Dr BR Vacher
TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION
1978—Pedodontics for undergraduates: It was introduced as a specialty
in the undergraduate curriculum
1979—Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry: The
Association of Indian Pedodontists holds the 1st conference. Dr BR Vacher
is made the “Father of Pedodontics in India”
1982—Affiliated to IADC: Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive
Dentistry becomes an affiliate member of IADC (International Academy
for Dentistry)

TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION

 Dr R Ahmed Dr BR Vacher Samuel D Harris

TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION

 POINTS TO REMEMBER

FATHER OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY – ROBERT BUNON

FATHER OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY IN INDIA – BR VACHER

FATHER OF CHILDRENS DENTISTRY ORGANISATION – SAMUEL D

HARRIS
PUBLISHED 1ST BOOK ON CHILDRENS DENTISTRY – JOSEPH
HURLOCK

TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION

 DEFINITION

ACCORDING TO STEWART
[1982]
Defined pediatric dentistry as the practice and teaching of
comprehensive, preventive and therapeutic oral health care of
child from birth to adolescence. It is constructed to include care
for special patients who demonstrate physical, mental or
emotional problems.
 ACCORDING TO PINKHAM

Pediatric dentistry is synonymous with dentistry for children. Pediatric dentistry

exists because children have dental and orofacial problems. The genesis of
dentistry for children unquestionably is allied to dental decay, pulpitis, and the
inflammation and pain associated with infected pulpal tissue and suppuration in
alveolar bone.
American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry
(1999)

“Pediatric dentistry as an age defined specialty that provides both

primary
and comprehensive preventive and therapeutic oral health care for

infants and children through adolescence, including those with special

health care needs.”

 IMPORTANCE OF PRIMARY TEETH

TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION

 AIMS

● OVERALL HEALTH
• ADVISE DENTAL HEALTH TO EXPECTANT MOTHER
● ORAL HEALTH
• 1ST DENTAL APPOINTMENT AT 6 MONTHS

TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION

 OBJECTIVES

EARLY
OPTING OBSERVE
DIAGNOSIS RESTORING
FOR DEVELOPING
AND ORAL HEALTH
PREVENTIVE DENTITION
PROMPT
TREATMENT MEASURES

INTERVENTION CHILD
DENTAL INSTILL TREATMENT
OF ANY POSITIVE
HEALTH OF SPECIAL
DEVELOPING ATTITUDE
EDUCATION CHILDREN
DISEASE

TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION

 Pedodontic triangle

Pedodontic triangle was first explained and conceptualized

by Wright in 1975 and was later modified by McDonald et al.
in 2004.

TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION

 Conventional
pedodontic
triangle

TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION

 Isosceles
triangle
—
authorita
tive
parent

TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION

 Right angle triangle
—neglecting parent

TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION

 Modiťed
pedodontic
triangle.

TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION

Pediatric
dentistry
treatment model
given by Vivek
Padmanabhan
et al.

TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION

DENTAL HOME :A PRIMARY CARE
ORAL
HEALTH CONCEPT
The US general surgeon’s recent concern
about the low use of oral health services by
children and the persistence of early
childhood caries suggests that dentistry
should consider taking a closer look at the
potential benefits of an analogous concept
of a “Dental Home.”

It could improve access to and provide

children with a source of care
and anticipatory guidance as early as 1 year
of age
Dental home according to American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry
(AAPD) can be deťned as

“The dental home is the ongoing relationship between the dentist and the
patient, inclusive of all aspects of oral health care delivered in a
comprehensive, continuously accessible, coordinated, and family-centred
way. Establishment of a dental home begins no later than 12 months of
age and includes referral to dental specialists when appropriate.”
In a recent analysis of the Access to Baby and Child Dentistry, or ABCD, program in
Washington State, Grembowski and Milgrom found that children in the ABCD program
had an increased use of services, particularly preventive services, compared with
children not enrolled in the program.

It is reasonable to ask whether establishment of a dental home by age 1 year—with the

benefits of early detection, risk assessment, appropriate amounts of prescribed fluoride,
sealants and early intervention of incipient disease— would reduce the prevalence of
caries in preschoolers and ultimately reduce the 60% of 6–8 years old with dental caries.
 ADVANTAGES OF DENTAL HOME

● Embraces the importance of early intervention with optimal preventive strategies

chosen based on the risk of the patient.

● Encourage the first dental visit by approximately 1 year of age.

● Practitioners can provide personalized preventive approaches for children based

on their family histories; the oral examination and the risk factors are identified.
These risk factors include medical history, dietary habits, medication, fluoride
availability, and parental attitudes.
● The AAPD’s recommendations for periodic preventive care provide a
framework for the practitioner to consider when developing office
policies and recommendations.

● An important feature of a dental home is to provide anticipatory

guidance to the parents so that they are aware of their children’s
growth and development, as well as possible risk factors that occur as
children grow.

● Preventive intervention can be personalized to the needs of the child.

 FIRST DENTAL VISIT

● In 1986, the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) adopted a

position on infant oral health recommending that the ťrst visit of the child to
the dental clinic should occur within 6 months of the eruption of the ťrst
primary tooth.

● Recent knowledge in aspects of cariology and prevention has modiťed

this further, and it is now stated that the ťrst visit of the child to the dental
ofťce must be as soon as the tooth erupts in oral cavity, that is, 6 months of
age.
Indian Society of Pedodontics and
Preventive Dentistry (ISPPD)
● ISPPD is the national society specifically concerned with the oral health
of

children in India.

● It aims to improve oral health in children and encourage the highest

standards of clinical care.

● The ISPPD has over 1000 life members from university and hospital

pediatric dental departments, pediatric dental practice and general dental

practice.
TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION
 The Emblem is based on
the famous triad of Keyes
(1960).

Intersection of emblem
represents 1)pedodontic
triangle 2) delta(sign of
dentistry) Logo of ISPPD
TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION
The top circle of keys in the emblem carries symbols of the emblem of the
Indian Dental Association (IDA)—Staff of Aesculpius with wings of serpents
encircling around it.
The Staff of Aesculapius stands of captor of authority and represents the
professional authority of association. The serpents show the power of
healing since serpents ages back have been used for healing.
Hippocrates adopted this symbol and we have adopted it with two serpents
entwined around the staff in opposite directions. The wings on the staff
represent the spread of knowledge. The wings have six small and three large
divisions as in the IDA emblem.

TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION

 Aims and Objectives of ISPPD
● The society is formed on the firm belief that “Every child in India has a fundamental right to
total dental health.”

● The society shall have the solemn responsibility toward the maintenance of positive dental health
of the children through prevention, involvement of the community and through other necessary
measures to achieve this objective.

● The society shall be responsible for improvement of education, research and delivery of
dental health care in the field pedodontics and preventive dentistry and shall extend
cooperation or collaborate with any person, persons or organizations; national or international with
similar ideas, ideals and objectives.

EXTBOOK OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY -NIKHIL MARWAH -5TH EDITION

 (SAAPD)
www.saapd.asia
● SAAPD is devoted for oral health care across the continent.
● An embodiment of constructive thinking specifically directed
towards developing new methodologies while optimizing use of
traditional concepts aimed at building a future essentially free of
oral ailments in children.
● It provides a platform for pediatric dentists of south asia to work
together in a spirit of friendship , trust and understanding.
● The society aims towards having provision of optimal care to
pediatric population while maintaining highest standards of ethics.
ww.aapd.org
 AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRIC
DENTISTRY (AAPD)
● AAPD FOUNDED IN 1947.
● This non profit professional membership association endorses
high ethical standards and safety of the patients.
● Head quarter is based in chicago.
● AAPD Focuses on complete oral health care of children
● They have empasized for usage of flouride toothpastes as soon
as 1st tooth erupts so adequate protection can be achieved from
a very early age.
www.iapdworld.org
● IAPD was founded in 1969.
● It is a non profit organization which provides oral health to children
across the world.
● Major aim - To act as an International Forum for Pediatric Dentists
and General dentists who want to practice and treat children.
● They have 78 national member societies which represent over
20,000 dentists
SCOPE OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY
THANK YOU