N T

P L A
O F
T S
PA R
Parts of The Plant

• Roots
• Leaves
• Stem
• Flower
• Seed
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 Roots
• 2 Types of Root
Systems
– Taproot
– Fibrous System

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Roots
Taproot System
Primary roots grow down
from the stem with some
secondary roots forming

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Tap roots are the roots in which we can
easily distinguish between the central
(thicker) PRIMARY ROOT and the
thinner SECONDARY ROOTS.
Examples- carrot, radish, beetroot, turnip

Fibrous roots are the roots in which we

cannot distinguish between primary and
secondary roots. All roots look similar.
Example- corn, wheat, onion.
Is there a way to find out about the
type of root in a plant without
pulling the plant out?

Ans- Yes, we can know about the

type of roots even without pulling
the plant out. We need to look at
Roots
Fibrous Root
System
Small lateral roots
that spread out just
below the soil
surface

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Can you identify these root types?
 Root Functions
Roots have 4 primary functions
• Absorption of water and nutrients

• Anchor plant to maintain stability

• Store food and water

 Leaf Parts
• Blade/lamina
– Main body of leaf
• Petiole/stalk
– Attaches blade to stem
• Midrib
– Large central vein
– Veins- help in
providing water and
minerals brought by
stem
 Important Functions of Leaves
• Photosynthesis
– Process that plants use to produce their food

• Transpiration
– Loss of water.
 VENATION
Arrangement of veins on the leaves

• Parallel venation
• Reticulate venation
• Veins run parallel
• Main vein is running
to each other.
through the centre
• Eg: grass, cereals that gives rise to
and banana. several smaller
veins. It has a net
like appearance.
• Eg: peepal,mango
and Hibiscus.
 Stomata
• allow the plant to breathe and
transpire.
 Guard Cells
• open and close the stomata on
the underside of the leaf
 Function of leaf

• Food manufactured in the leaves

moves downward through the
stem to the roots
–used by the plant
–stored in stem or root and leaf .
 Modification of leaf
• Spine : Eg: Cactus

• Pitcher: Eg Pitcher plant

• Tendrils: Eg Garden pea

Parts of the Stem
• Node
– Areas where side branches and
leaves develop
• Internode
– Area between nodes
Functions of the Stem
• Transport water and
nutrients from roots to
leaves
• Supports leaves, fruit,
and flowers
• Food storage
 Modification of stem
• ForSupport: Called
stem tendrils.
• Eg:grape vine.
• For storage:Eg
ginger, potato and
onion.
• For making food:
• Eg cactus
Flower Parts
• Petals
– Highly coloured part of
the flower, may contain
smell.

– Sepals
– Small green structures
on the base of a flower
that protect the flower
bud
 Flower Parts
• Pistil
– Female part of plant
– Containing:
• Stigma
• Style
• Ovary

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 Flower Parts
• Stamen
– Male reproductive part
– Contains
• Anther
• Filament

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 POLLINATION
• Pollination is the
transfer of Pollen
grains from the
Anther to the
Stigma.
 TYPES OF
POLLINATION

• SELF POLLINATION:-It is the process

when the pollens reach the Stigma of the
same flower or another flower of the same
plant.
• CROSS POLLINATION:-When the pollens
reach the Stigma of a flower on another
plant .