DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : H. Srividya
Destination : SL / CCP
Branch : Commercial & Comp. Practice
Institute : GPW, Palamaner, Chittoor Dist.
Year/Semester : IV Semester
Subject : Quantitative Techniques - II
Subject Code : CCP403
Topic : Concept of Set Theory
Duration : 50 Mts
Sub Topic : Operations with Sets
Teaching Aids : PPTs and Pictures
CCP-403.47 1
Objectives :

On completion of this period, you would be

able to:
 Explain the difference of two setss

CCP-403.47 2
Recap :

I
 Set compliment (A ) is a set of all elements
present in Universal set (U) except elements
contained in set A
A  U A
I

CCP-403.47 3
Difference of Sets :

 Difference of two sets A and B is a set of all

elements which belong to A and not to B
 Denoted by A – B
 Expressed in set builder form as

A – B = { x : x ∈ A and x ∉ B }
B – A = { x : x ∈ B and x ∉ A }

CCP-403.47 4
Difference of Two Sets :

Eg:
A = { 1,2,3,4 }
B = { 3,4,5,6 }
A – B = { 1,2 }
B – A = { 5,6 }
A–B ≠ B–A

CCP-403.47 5
Difference of Sets – Venn Diagram :
Picture 1

A B
U

A-B A ∩B B-A

CCP-403.47 6
Symmetrical Difference of Sets :

 A and B are two sets

 Symmetric difference denoted by ∆
(symbol called ‘Delta’)
 Symmetric difference of A and B
A∆B=(A–B)U(B–A)

CCP-403.47 7
Symmetrical Difference of Sets :

Eg:
A = { 1, 2, 3 } B = { 3, 4, 5 }
A – B = { 1, 2 }
B – A = { 4, 5 }
A ∆ B = ( A – B ) U ( B – A)
= { 1, 2, 4, 5 }

CCP-403.47 8
Summary :

 Difference of sets X and Y means elements

contained in X only and NOT in Y. It is
represented by X - Y

CCP-403.47 9
Quiz :

1. A = { 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 }
B= {1,3,5,7} A – B = _______
a) { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 }
b) { 1, 2, 3, 4 }
c) { 2, 4, 6, 8 }

CCP-403.47 10
Frequently Asked Questions :

1. Briefly explain concept of set differences. Give

examples.
2. Set P = { 5, 6, 7 } Set Q = { 7, 8, 9 }
a) Verify ( P – Q ) = ( Q – P ).
b) Calculate P ∆ Q.

CCP-403.47 11
Assignment :

1. If U = { digits of our number system }

A = { Prime numbers between 1 and 10 }
B = { multiples of 3 between 0 and 10 }
I I
Find i) A U B ii) A ∩ B iii) A iv ) B
I I I
v) (A U B) vi) A ∩ B vii) A – B viii) B - A

CCP-403.47 12
Assignment contd
2. Let U = { x : x ∈ N, 5 ≤ x < 21 }
A,B,C are subsets of U
A = { x : x is a multiple of 2 }
B = { x : x is a multiple of 3 }
C = { x : x ∈ W, x < 13 }
Verify the following
I I I I I I
i) (AUB) = (A ∩ B ) ii) (A ∩ B ) = (A U B )
I
iii) A – B ≠ B – A iv) A – B = A ∩ B
CCP-403.47 13
Assignment contd

A B U
15
1
10 11
6

7 2
12 14
4 0
8
3
5 13 9
C

CCP-403.47 14
Assignment contd

3. From the Venn diagram, find the following

1. U 5.A – C
2. A ∩ B 6. B – C
3. A ∩ B ∩ C 7. C – B
I I
4. C 8. (A U B )
I
9.(A U B U C )

CCP-403.47 15