Industrial

Revolution
Dr Mohammad Drs Ahmad Nasrul
Tn Syed Ardi Bin Syed Yahya Kamal
 Industrial revolution year

1784 1 1870

Industry 1.0 2 Industry 2.0

1969 3 2014

Industry 3.0 4 Industry 4.0

 Industrial revolution infographics

Mechanization Automation
Jupiter is a gas giant and Venus has a beautiful
the biggest planet name, but it's hot

1784 1969

1870 Today

Mass production Internet of things

Mercury is the closest Despite being red, Mars
planet to the Sun is a cold planet
Industrial revolution infographics
 The First Industrial Revolution

● The first revolution brought economies around the world out of

agriculture and handcrafts, into the world of machines.

● While farming and handmade goods still form a large part of today’s
economy, they are nonetheless affected by the use of machines.

● According to Britannica, the revolution first began in Britain and then

spread throughout the rest of the world.
 The First Industrial Revolution

● Here are some of the advances it introduced in manufacturing:

○ Invention of new machines, such as the spinning jenny

○ Improvements in transportation and communication
○ Reliance on new energy sources, such as coal
○ The use of new raw materials, such as steel
○ Division of labor and worker specialization
 The Second Industrial Revolution

● This revolution occurred in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

● At this time, manufacturers began to experiment with more synthetic materials

and machines evolved to play an even more important role in industry.

● Inventors created computers, automatic operations came into existence and

plastics joined the production line.
 The Second Industrial Revolution

● World War I, which lasted from 1914 to 1918, also helped to revolutionize
manufacturing.

● Britannica notes that the two key features of the second industrial revolution are
mass production and the use of electricity.
 The Third Industrial Revolution

● Meanwhile, the key features of the third industrial evolution were electronic
devices and information technology system.

● This led to the rapid change from analog to more digital systems in manufacturing
plants.
 The Third Industrial Revolution

● The new form of modernism took root in the 1950s and spread like wildfire.

● Automation software also made its debut at this time, taking over many of the
menial tasks previously completed by humans.

● This led to perhaps the first big scare that machines would now lead to mass
human unemployment.
 The Fourth Industrial Revolution

● Nicknamed Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing, the fourth stage of the
industrial revolution unfolded over the past few decades.

● The key feature of this revolution is cyber-physical systems.

● Organizations have also taken automation to a whole new level.

● In addition to this, whereas the prior revolutions mainly focused on economic

changes, this time, political and cultural changes played equally important roles in
how technology transformed the rest of the world.
 The Fourth Industrial Revolution

● Most of these changes were fast-tracked and then spread globally with the help of
the Internet of Things (IoT).

● This provided a new level of interconnectivity that had never been seen before.

● Not only were people aware of events happening halfway across the world, but
economies had become so intertwined that they were affected by them.
 The Fourth Industrial Revolution

● For all its social implications, Industry 4.0 is still primarily based on the changes
to manufacturing.

● The current manufacturing process is more holistic, creating interlinks between

the physical and the digital.

● This is what creates the cyber-physical ecosystem that characterizes this phase of
the ongoing industrial revolution.
 The Fourth Industrial Revolution

● Industry 4.0 is considered the era of production facilities, storage systems and
smart machines that can trigger actions, control other devices and exchange
information autonomously without any human intervention.

● This ideal distribution of information is made possible through the Industrial IoT
(Internet of Things).
 The Fourth Industrial Revolution

● The Industrial IoT has five key elements, namely:

○ Artificial Intelligent
○ Big Data
○ Cloud Computing
○ 3D Printing
○ The Internet of Things (IoT)
○ Virtual Reality
 Industrial revolution

1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0

1789 1870 1969 Today

● Mechanization ● Production ● Automation ● Cyber systems

● Steam power ● Assembly line ● Computers ● IoT
● Weaving loom ● Electricity ● Electronics ● Network
 Industrial revolution

1784 1870 1970 2011

Cyber
Mechanical Division of Information
physical
production labour technology
systems