Subject – Elective II

Computer and Design

Presented by - Prof. Aniruddha Jogalekar
MMCOA, Deccan, Pune
Fourth year B. Arch.
Academic year 2021-22
I n d ex
1. Introduction
2. Histomaps
3. Influences on Architecture
4. Evolution of Modern Architecture
5. Nature as a Metaphor
6. Role of Materials and technology
7. Impact of other factors
8. Geometry as a tool
9. Euclidean and Non Euclidean geometry
10. Impact on Design fraternity
11. Impact of the change on Architecture
12. What comes first
13. Emergence of Digital Culture
14. What is next
 I nt ro d u c ti o n

• A r c h i t e c t u r e i s a n A r t a n d S c i e n c e o f c r e a ti n g H a b i t a b l e
Spaces

• Architecture is also called as Mother of all Arts

• H i s t o r y o f A r c h i t e c t u r e c a n b e t r a c e d b a c k t o t h e ti m e
from when the Homo Sapiens (Modern day Human beings)
s t a r t e d s e tt l i n g .

• Earliest form of Architectural spaces were created with a

s h e a r p u r p o s e o f P r o t e c ti o n f r o m N a t u r a l F o r c e s o r
Elements.

• Since then, Architecture has evolved along with the

e v o l u ti o n o f H u m a n s . R i g h t f r o m t h e e a r l i e s t f o r m s o f
s i m p l e n a t u r a l l y o c c u r r i n g / a v a i l a b l e h a b i t a t s t o t o d a y ’s
most complex buildings forms.
 I n fl u e n c e s o n A rc h i te c t u re
• A r c h i t e c t u r e t h r o u g h o u t i t s e v o l u ti o n w a s I n fl u e n c e d b y o r
is taking references from various factors, to name some
• Nature
• Climate
• Social systems
• P o l i ti c a l s y s t e m s
• Philosophy
• Literature
• Sciences
• Te c h n o l o g y
• To o l s
• Arts
• C r a ft
• Materials
• ---------
Evo l u ti o n o f M o d e r n A rc h i te c t u re
 N at u re a s a M eta p h o r - 1
From Ages Architects are using Nature as a metaphor in the
design process, Following is a study of the same process.

Ref - https://www.sciencedirect.com/search?authors=shaimaa%20El-Ghobashy
N at u re a s a M eta p h o r - 2

Ref - https://www.sciencedirect.com/search?authors=shaimaa%20El-Ghobashy
N at u re a s a M eta p h o r - 3

Ref - https://www.sciencedirect.com/search?authors=shaimaa%20El-Ghobashy
N at u re a s a M eta p h o r - 4

Ref - https://www.sciencedirect.com/search?authors=shaimaa%20El-Ghobashy
N at u re a s a M eta p h o r - 5

Ref - https://www.sciencedirect.com/search?authors=shaimaa%20El-Ghobashy
 Ro l e o f M ate r i a l s a n d Te c h n o l o g y
Stone Henge – Earliest
examples of use of materials
in their most original form
Villa Savoy by Ar. Le
Corbusier– Demonstrate the
enhanced ability in terms of
use of Composite and
Processed materials
Pyramids – Demonstrate
the enhanced ability in terms
of Sciences and technology
Royal Ontario museum
by Ar. Daniel Liskind –
Demonstrate the enhanced
ability in terms of use of
Composite materials and
Technology
Parthenon – Demonstrate
the ability in terms of
enhanced tools and earliest
example of composite
materials
Heydar Aliyev Center
by Ar. Zaha Hadid –
Demonstrate the enhanced
ability in terms of use of
Composite materials and
computational tools
 I m p a c t o f o t h e r fa c to rs

Sciences –
1. S c i e n c e s p l a y a v i t a l r o l e i n t h e w a y w e D e s i g n .

2. B a s i c s c i e n c e PHYSICS plays a very important role in

shaping the world.
3. A l l the technologies, Materials and Methods are an
o u t c o m e o f t h e d e v e l o p m e n t s h a p p e n i n g i n t h e fi e l d o f
Basic Science.

4. A l l t h e tools for Design, Analysis a n d C o n s t r u c ti o n

technology developed in any era are a direct outcome of

t h e u n d e r s t a n d i n g i n t h e fi e l d o f B a s i c S c i e n c e .
 G e o m et r y a s a To o l
1. G e o m e t r y a n d G e o m e t r i c a l t o o l s a n d t e c h n i q u e s p l a y a n
important role in Design and Building process.
2. T r a d i ti o n a l l y w e a r e l e a r n i n g t h e E u c l i d e a n g e o m e t r y a n d
our thought process is oriented along the learning's in
this.
3. The type of Geometry a person uses depends on the
s i t u a ti o n t h a t p e r s o n i s f a c e d w i t h .
4. Euclidean geometry makes sense in most peoples minds
because that is what we are taught as children.
5. Euclidean geometry was working well for Architectural
world.
6. R i e m a n n ’s Non Euclidean geometry is good for
astronomers because of the curves in the atmosphere.

Point
Parallel 2-D 3-D
Straight Plane Volume
line line
 E u c l i d e a n v s N o n E u c l i d e a n ge o m e t r y
 In modern times Euclidean geometry (Newtonian Physics) is being

challenged by Non Euclidean geometry (Quantum Physics)

 The Fundamental difference between two methods are as below,

All perpendiculars to a Two straight lines The sum of the angles of a

straight line meet at one enclose an Area triangle are greater than
point 180deg.

Lines of Longitude are Any two lines of Longitude

perpendicular to the Equator (Straight lines) meet at both The sum of angles of a
but meet at North pole the North and South poles so Triangle are greater than
define an Area 180 deg.
 Euclidean Geometry Non Euclidean Geometry

According to Einstein’s general

theory of relativity, the Universe
obeys the rules of Riemannian
geometry not that of Euclid.
According to Einstein,
Space is Curved!

S p a c e i s c u r v e d . T h e s u r f a c e o f t h e e a r t h l o o k s fl a t o v e r a s m a l l
distance, but is curved. Our space looks Euclidean over a small
distance, but is cur ved. If you shot an arrow that kept going , it
would eventually hit you in the back! It would never hit a
b o u n d a r y, b u t t r a v e l o n l y a ( l o n g b u t ) fi n i t e A l b e r t d i s t a n c e .
I m p a c t o n t h e D e s i g n F rate r n i t y
Illustrations showing
the evolution of
forms during the last
few decades which is
evident in all fields
of design. There is a
clear cut shift from
the Euclidean
geometry which is
very rigid to a non
Euclidean
geometry which is
more fluid. This was
backed by the
developments
happening in the
fields of Design
tools, Analysis tools
and Construction or
building tools
 I m p a c t o f t h e c h a n ge o n A rc h i te c t u re
This was discussed in the previous presentation.
Design process
A. Project planning
B. Visualization
C. Presentation
D. Analysis
E. Construction
W h at co m e s fi rst

THOUGHT TOOLS
 E m e rge n c e o f a D I G I TA L C U LT U R E
 Charlee Gere in his book talks about the emergence of Digital culture

In this book he states through a lot of research that ‘Digital Technology is a product of

Digital Culture’ not vice versa.

 Gilles Deluze points out that, The machine is always social before it is technical.

There is always a social machine which selects or assigns the technical elements used.

 Digital refers not just to the effects and possibilities of a particular technology. It

defines and encompasses the way of thinking and doing things that are embodied

within that technology, and which make its development possible.

 The qualities of a Digital Culture include Abstraction, Codification,

Self-Regulation, Virtualization and Programming.

Ref – ‘Digital Culture’ by Charlie Gere, Reaction Books, 2008
 W h at i s N ex t ?

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

NANO TECHNOLOGY

A WHOLE NEW EXPERIENCE

THANK YOU