Presentation for B.

Tech Seminar

Topic-

IoT in Electrical Engineering

(Internet of Things in Electrical Engineering)

Presented By- Under the Guidance of-

Raj Deep Yadav Professor
2021031053 Dept. Of Electrical Engineering,
B.Tech Sem 6 MMMUT
MMMUT
Table of Contents
• Introduction of IoT
• Basics of IoT
• Components of IoT
• Application in Electrical Systems
• IoT- Enabled Devices
• Communication Protocols
• Challenges and Security
• Case Studies
• Real-Time Monitoring
• Future Trends
Introduction to IoT
•Definition of IoT: The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the network of interconnected
devices that communicate and exchange data over the internet.

•Relevance in Electrical Engineering: IoT revolutionizes electrical systems by enabling

real-time monitoring, automation, and efficient energy management
Application of IoT in Electrical System
•Smart Grid Management:
• Optimize power distribution.
• Balance load across the grid.

•Energy Monitoring and Optimization:

• Smart meters track consumption.
• Demand-side management reduces wastage.

•Condition-Based Maintenance:
• Predictive maintenance using IoT data.
• Extend equipment lifespan.
Smart Grid using IoT
IoT enabled Devices and Sensors
•Sensors:
•Collect data (e.g., voltage, current,
temperature).
•Examples: Temperature sensors,
current sensors.
•Actuators:
•Control physical processes (e.g.,
switches, relays).
•Enable automation and remote
operation.
Communication Protocols for IoT
1.Wi-Fi:
1.High bandwidth, short range. 640 × 416

2.Suitable for home automation.

2.Bluetooth:
1.Low power, short range.
2.Common in wearable devices.
3.Zigbee:
1.Low power, mesh network.
2.Used in smart homes.
4.LoRaWAN:
1.Long-range, low power.
2.Ideal for outdoor applications.
Challenges and Security Considerations
•Data Privacy and Encryption:
•Protect sensitive information.
•Secure communication channels.
•Scalability:
•Handle large-scale IoT deployments.
•Efficiently manage data flow.
•Cybersecurity Threats:
•Guard against unauthorized access.
•Regular security updates.
Working Principle of HVDC
• HVDC systems convert AC power to DC using converters.
• DC power is transmitted over the line.
• At the receiving end, DC is converted back to AC.
Control and Protection in HVDC Systems
• Control strategies ensure stable operation
The upper
and power flow control. section is used
- Current control: Maintains desired for control

current levels.
- Voltage control: Regulates DC voltage.

• Protection schemes prevent system

The lower
failures and ensure safety. section for
protection.
- Overcurrent protection: Protects against
excessive current.
- DC line fault detection: Detects faults
and isolates sections.
Applications of HVDC
• Long-distance power transmission:
Efficient transmission over thousands of kilometers.
• Offshore wind farm integration:
Connects remote wind farms to the grid.
• Interconnection of grids:
Links asynchronous grids and facilitates power exchange
Case Studies and Real-world Examples
• Case Study 1: Itaipu HVDC system (Brazil-Paraguay):
Long-distance transmission across countries.

• Case Study 2: Baltic Cable (Germany-Sweden):

Interconnection of European grids.
Recent Developments and Future Trends
• Advancements in VSC technology:
Improved efficiency and performance.
• Hybrid HVDC-AC systems:
Integrating HVDC with AC grids for flexibility.
• Emerging applications in smart grids:
HVDC plays a key role in modernizing power systems.
460 × 300
Conclusion
• Summary:
HVDC systems offer efficient long-distance power transmission, grid
interconnection, and renewable energy integration.
• Future outlook:
Continued advancements in HVDC technology will drive its adoption in
smart grids and renewable energy projects.
References
• https://www.nationalgrid.com/sites/default/files/documents/13784-High
%20Voltage%20Direct%20Current%20Electricity
%20%E2%80%93%20technical%20information.pdf

• https://circuitglobe.com/hvdc-high-voltage-direct-current.html
• https://www.electrical4u.com/high-voltage-direct-current-transmission/