Cancer in childhood

after irradiation in
utero
What is a cancer ?

A disease caused by an uncontrolled

division of abnormal cells in a part of the
body.

What is irradiation?

The process or fact of exposure of radiation

.
Effects of irradiation in utero

 Exposures>1Gy associated with a high

incidence of CNS abnormalities.
 Growthretardation after in utero
exposure >=100Gy demonstrated.
 Congenital malformations.
A conservative estimate of the excess risk
of childhood cancer from in utero
irradiation is 6%per Gy .
 Bothcell killing effects and induction of
neoplasma may occur as a result of in
utero irradiation .
Leukaemia

 Most common malignancy in childhood .

 Hematopoietic stem cell genetic abnormalities
leading to clonal proliferation.
 Associated with various genetic syndromes,radiaton
therapy,drugs .
 Bone marrow morphology –adequate to establish
diagnosis .
 Other tests classification ,choice of therapy and
prognosis .
 The relative risk may be as high as 1.4 due to a
due to a fetal dose of 10mGy.
 Individualrisk,is small with the risk of cancer at
ages 0-15 being about 1 excess cancer death
per 1700 children exposed “in utero”to
10mGy .
Brain tumors

Brain tumor is one of the most devastating

forms of human cancers.
Brain tumors are most common cancer in
children ,comprising about 20%of all
paediatric malignancies.
This is a solid tumor.
Thank you 😊

Gayan nuwantha ubhayawardhana