FLOOD OPERATION

Aman Ullah

INTRODUCTION
Operation Flood is one of the worlds largest rural development programmes. A rural development program started by National Dairy Development (NDDB) in 1970 to create a nation wide MILK GRID. Amul was the engine behind the success of white revolution and in turn became a mega company on cooperative basis. Dr. Verghese Kurien (Chairman of NDDB at that time) is consider the architect of Indias white revolution.
2

Objectives of White Revolution

To increase milk production (a flood of milk) To augment rural income Fair prices to consumers To reduce malpractices of milk traders and merchants

PHASE-I (1970-1980):
This phase was financed by the sale of skimmed milk powder and butter oil gifted by the European Union then EEC through the World Food Programme. NDDB planned the programme and negotiated the details of EEC assistance. During this phase, Operation Flood linked 18 of India's premier milksheds with consumers in India's four major metropolitan cities: Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai.

PHASE-II(1981-85)
This phase increased the milksheds from 18 to 136; 290 urban markets expanded the outlets for milk. By the end of 1985, a self-sustaining system of 43,000 village cooperatives covering 4.25 million milk producers had become a reality. Domestic milk powder production increased from 22,000 tons in the pre-project year to 140,000 tons by 1989, all of the increase coming from dairies set up under Operation Flood.

PHASEIII (1985-1996)
This phase enabled dairy cooperatives to expand and strengthen the infrastructure required to procure and market increasing volumes of milk. Veterinary first-aid health care services, feed and artificial insemination services for cooperative members were extended, along with intensified member education. This phase gave increased emphasis to research and development in animal health and animal nutrition.

The Organizational Structure at National Level.

Department of Animal Husbandry and dairying ( DAHD ). National Dairy Development Board ( NDDB ) A statutory body under an act of Parliament.

Delhi Milk Scheme ( DMS ) With the Status of a department under GOI.
Ministry of Health ( For Prevention of Adulteration ). Ministry of Rural Development ( Dairy & Livelihood related Projects).
7

Ministry of Food Processing

Ministry of Commerce ( Export preparedness )

Indian Council of Agricultural Research ( ICAR )

Major National Level Ongoing Programs

National Cattle and Buffalo Breeding Project. IDDP (Integrated Dairy Development Project- Phase-I & II). Strengthening Infrastructure for Quality and Clean Milk Production (CMP). Assistance to sick cooperatives . Venture Capital Fund . Rastriya Krishi Vikash Yojana (RKVY).

Global Challenge..Local Solution:

Challenges in Dairy Strategy Development in India
10

Key Challenges in Policy Development

Diversity e.g. Production System, Market etc.
Role definition ( State Vs Center ).

Inter / Intra departmental cooperation.

Multiple implementing / enforcement agencies. Multiplicity of regulations e.g. PFA, BIS etc.

11

Leadership with limited cross functional knowledge.

Attitude of professionals vis a vis multidisciplinary team work.

Diminishing relationship between government officials and farmers.

Strong group dynamics Political interference.

12

13

The story of Operation Flood can be seen through three angles

Dairy industry flourished It has revoultionized the way of life of the small farmers Established a pattern of success for other countries to follow