Professional Documents
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CH 05
CH 05
CH 05
Accounting
Prepared by
Coby Harmon
5-1
University of California, Santa Barbara
Balance Sheet and
5 Statement of Cash Flows
Intermediate Accounting
14th Edition
5-3
Balance
Balance Sheet
Sheet and
and Statement
Statement of
of Cash
Cash Flows
Flows
Statement of Additional
Balance Sheet
Cash Flows Information
5-4
Balance
Balance Sheet
Sheet
Classification
Classification
Illustration 5-1
In practice you usually see little departure from these major subdivisions.
Current Assets
Cash and other assets a company expects to convert
into cash, sell, or consume either in one year or in the
operating cycle, whichever is longer.
Illustration 5-2
Review
The correct order to present current assets is
a. Cash, accounts receivable, prepaid items, inventories.
b. Cash, accounts receivable, inventories, prepaid items.
c. Cash, inventories, accounts receivable, prepaid items.
d. Cash, inventories, prepaid items, accounts receivable.
Cash
Generally any monies available “on demand.”
Cash equivalents - short-term highly liquid investments
that mature within three months or less.
Restrictions or commitments must be disclosed.
Illustration 5-3
5-12 LO 2
Balance
Balance Sheet
Sheet –– “Current
“Current Assets”
Assets”
Cash
Illustration 5-4
Balance Sheet—Restricted Cash
Short-Term Investments
Debt or
Trading Fair Value Current
Equity
Short-Term Investments
Illustration 5-5
Balance Sheet Presentation of
Investments in Securities
Receivables
Major categories of receivables should be shown in the
balance sheet or the related notes.
Receivables
Illustration 5-6
Balance Sheet Presentation
of Receivables
Inventories
Disclose:
► Basis of valuation (e.g., lower-of-cost-or-market).
► Cost flow assumption (e.g., FIFO or average cost).
Illustration 5-6
5-18 LO 2
Balance
Balance Sheet
Sheet –– “Current
“Current Assets”
Assets”
Prepaid Expenses
Payment of cash, that is recorded as an asset because
service or benefit will be received in the future.
Prepaid Expenses
Illustration 5-9
Non-Current Assets
Long-term Investments
1. Securities (bonds, common stock, or long-term notes).
Long-Term Investments
Debt or
Trading Fair Value Current
Equity
Investments:
Securities Invesment in ABC bonds 321,657
Investment in UC Inc. 253,980
bonds, Notes receivable 150,000
stock, and Land held for speculation 550,000
Sinking fund 225,000
long-term notes
Pension fund 653,798
Cash surrender value 84,321
For marketable securities, Investment in Uncon. Sub. 457,836
management’s intent Total investments 2,696,592
determines current or Property, Plant, and Equip.
noncurrent classification. Building 1,375,778
Land 975,000
5-24 LO 2
Balance
Balance Sheet
Sheet –– “Noncurrent
“Noncurrent Assets”
Assets”
Balance Sheet (in thousands)
Long-Term Current assets
Investments Cash $ 285,000
Investments:
Invesment in ABC bonds 321,657
Fixed Assets Investment in UC Inc. 253,980
Notes receivable 150,000
Land held for
Land held for speculation 550,000
speculation Sinking fund 225,000
Pension fund 653,798
Cash surrender value 84,321
Investment in Uncon. Sub. 457,836
Total investments 2,696,592
Property, Plant, and Equip.
Building 1,375,778
Land 975,000
5-25 LO 2
Balance
Balance Sheet
Sheet –– “Noncurrent
“Noncurrent Assets”
Assets”
Balance Sheet (in thousands)
Long-Term Current assets
Investments Cash $ 285,000
Investments:
Invesment in ABC bonds 321,657
Special Funds Investment in UC Inc. 253,980
Notes receivable 150,000
Sinking fund Land held for speculation 550,000
Pensions fund Sinking fund 225,000
Pension fund 653,798
Cash surrender
Cash surrender value 84,321
value of life Investment in Uncon. Sub. 457,836
insurance Total investments 2,696,592
Property, Plant, and Equip.
Building 1,375,778
Land 975,000
5-26 LO 2
Balance
Balance Sheet
Sheet –– “Noncurrent
“Noncurrent Assets”
Assets”
Balance Sheet (in thousands)
Long-Term Current assets
Investments Cash $ 285,000
Investments:
Invesment in ABC bonds 321,657
Investment in UC Inc. 253,980
Notes receivable 150,000
Land held for speculation 550,000
Sinking fund 225,000
Nonconsolidated Pension fund 653,798
Cash surrender value 84,321
Subsidiaries or
Investment in Uncon. Sub. 457,836
Affiliated Total investments 2,696,592
Companies Property, Plant, and Equip.
Building 1,375,778
Land 975,000
5-27 LO 2
Balance
Balance Sheet
Sheet –– “Noncurrent
“Noncurrent Assets”
Assets”
Long-Term Investments
Illustration 5-10
Balance Sheet
Presentation of
Long-Term Investments
Illustration 5-11
Balance Sheet Presentation of
Property, Plant, and Equipment
Intangibles
Goodwill
Franchises
$ 50,000
Patents
47,000
Trademarks
33,000
Total
10,000
5-33 $140,000
LO 2 Identify the major classifications of the balance sheet.
Balance
Balance Sheet
Sheet –– “Noncurrent
“Noncurrent Assets”
Assets”
Intangible Assets
Illustration 5-12
Balance Sheet
Presentation of
Intangible Assets
Other Assets
Items vary in practice. Can include:
Long-term prepaid expenses
Non-current receivables
Assets in special funds
Property held for sale
Restricted cash or securities
Current Liabilities
Illustration 5-13
Balance Sheet Presentation
of Current Liabilities
Long-term liabilities
Pension Asset/liability
Bonds payable
$375,000
Discount on bonds payable
400,000
Total
(29,000)
5-40 746,000
LO 2 Identify the major classifications of the balance sheet.
Balance
Balance Sheet
Sheet –– “Long-Term
“Long-Term Liabilities”
Liabilities”
Non-Current Liabilities
Illustration 5-14
Balance Sheet Presentation
of Non-Current Liabilities
Owners’ Equity
Owners’ Equity
Illustration 5-15
Balance Sheet Presentation
of Stockholders’ Equity
5-45 LO 3 Prepare a classified balance sheet using the report and account formats.
Balance
Balance Sheet
Sheet Format
Format
5-46 LO 3 Prepare a classified balance sheet using the report and account formats.
Balance
Balance Sheet
Sheet
Format
Format
Report Form
Illustration 5-16
5-47
LO 3
Statement
Statement of
of Cash
Cash Flows
Flows
Illustration 5-17
Basic Format of Cash
Flow Statement
Sources of Information
Information obtained from several sources:
(1) comparative balance sheets,
Illustration 5-20
5-55 LO 6
Statement
Statement of
of Cash
Cash Flows
Flows
Statement
Statement of
of
Cash
Cash Flows
Flows
Illustration 5-21
5-58
Statement
Statement of
of Cash
Cash Flows
Flows
5-60
LO 6 Prepare a basic statement of cash flows.
Statement
Statement of
of Cash
Cash Flows
Flows
Review
In preparing a statement of cash flows, which of the following
transactions would be considered an investing activity?
a. Sale of equipment at book value
Examples include:
Issuance of common stock to purchase assets.
Conversion of bonds into common stock.
Issuance of debt to purchase assets.
Exchanges on long-lived assets.
Illustration 5-23
Comprehensive
Statement of Cash Flows
5-63
Usefulness
Usefulness of
of the
the Statement
Statement of
of Cash
Cash Flows
Flows
Financial Liquidity
Ratio indicates whether the company can pay off its current
liabilities from its operations. A ratio near 1:1 is good.
Financial Liquidity
Review
The current cash debt coverage ratio is often used to assess
a. financial flexibility.
b. liquidity.
c. profitability.
d. solvency.
Parenthetical Explanations
Notes
Cross-Reference and Contra Items
Supporting Schedules
Terminology
5-70 LO 9 Describe the major disclosure techniques for the balance sheet.
APPENDIX 5A Ratio Analysis—A Reference
5-71 LO 10 Identify the major types of financial ratios and what they measure.
APPENDIX 5A Ratio Analysis—A Reference
5-72 LO 10 Identify the major types of financial ratios and what they measure.
APPENDIX 5A Ratio Analysis—A Reference
5-73 LO 10 Identify the major types of financial ratios and what they measure.
APPENDIX 5A Ratio Analysis—A Reference
5-74 LO 10 Identify the major types of financial ratios and what they measure.
Specimen Financial Statements:
APPENDIX 5B The Procter & Gamble Company
5-75
Specimen Financial Statements:
APPENDIX 5B The Procter & Gamble Company
5-76
Specimen Financial Statements:
APPENDIX 5B The Procter & Gamble Company
5-77
Specimen Financial Statements:
APPENDIX 5B The Procter & Gamble Company
5-78
Specimen Financial Statements:
APPENDIX 5B The Procter & Gamble Company
5-79
Specimen Financial Statements:
APPENDIX 5B The Procter & Gamble Company
5-80
Specimen Financial Statements:
APPENDIX 5B The Procter & Gamble Company
5-81
RELEVANT FACTS
IFRS recommends but does not require the use of the title
“statement of financial position” rather than balance sheet.
IFRS requires a classified statement of financial position except in
very limited situations. IFRS follows the same guidelines as this
textbook for distinguishing between current and noncurrent assets
and liabilities. However under GAAP, public companies must follow
SEC regulations, which require specific line items. In addition,
specific GAAP standards mandate certain forms of reporting this
information.
Under IFRS, current assets are usually listed in the reverse order of
liquidity. For example, under GAAP cash is listed first, but under
IFRS it is listed last.
5-82
RELEVANT FACTS
IFRS has many differences in terminology that you will notice in this
textbook.
Both IFRS and GAAP require disclosures about (1) accounting
policies followed, (2) judgments that management has made in the
process of applying the entity’s accounting policies, and (3) the key
assumptions and estimation uncertainty that could result in a
material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities
within the next financial year. Comparative prior period information
must be presented and financial statements must be prepared
annually.
Use of the term “reserve” is discouraged in GAAP, but there is no
such prohibition in IFRS.
5-83
IFRS SELF-TEST QUESTION
Current assets under IFRS are listed generally:
a. by importance.
b. in the reverse order of their expected conversion to cash.
c. by longevity.
d. alphabetically.
5-84
IFRS SELF-TEST QUESTION
Companies that use IFRS:
a. may report all their assets on the statement of financial position
at fair value.
b. are not allowed to net assets (assets 2 liabilities) on their
statement of financial positions.
c. may report noncurrent assets before current assets on the
statement of financial position.
d. do not have any guidelines as to what should be reported on
the statement of financial position.
5-85
IFRS SELF-TEST QUESTION
A company has purchased a tract of land and expects to build a
production plant on the land in approximately 5 years. During the 5
years before construction, the land will be idle. Under IFRS, the land
should be reported as:
a. land expense.
b. property, plant, and equipment.
c. an intangible asset.
d. a long-term investment.
5-86
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5-87