CHAPTER 1

BIO150
 CONTENTS:
N ZY
The general characteristics
01 of enzymes

The relationship between

02 enzyme and activation energy

03 Enzyme specificity relating to

Lock and Key Model

04 Enzyme specificity relating to

Induced Fit Model
 MECHANISM OF
EZNZYME ACTION
The basic mechanism by which enzymes catalyze chemical reactions begins
1 with the binding of the substrate (or substrates) to the active site on the
enzyme.
The active site is the specific region of the enzyme which combines with the
2 substrate.

The active site has a unique geometric shape that is complementary to the geometric
3 shape of a substrate molecule, similar to the fit of puzzle pieces.

This means that enzymes specifically react with only one or a very few similar
4 compounds.
LOCK AND KEY THEORY
1894 BY EMIL FISCHER
In this theory, the lock is the
enzyme and the key is the
substrate.
Your Picture Here
Only the correctly sized key
(substrate) fits into the key hole
(active site) of the lock (enzyme).

The active site has a fixed, rigid

geometrical structure (the lock),
which exactly matched the
structure of a specific substrate
(the key).
INDUCED-FIT THEORY
BY DANIEL KOSHLAND
When a substrate combines with
an enzyme, substrate induces a
change in the enzyme’s
conformation.

The active site is then moulded

into a precise conformation.
The active site has a flexibility of
shape. https://ib.bioninja.com.au/standard-level/topic-2-molecular-biology/25-enzymes/models-of-
action.html

When the product is release from

the active site, the enzyme returns
to its original shape.
To be continued…

ENZYME